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Vaccines
Volume 7
Issue 3
10.3390/vaccines7030087
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Article

Comparative Immunogenicity of the 2014–2015 Northern Hemisphere Trivalent IIV and LAIV against Influenza A Viruses in Children

by
Jann Catherine Ang
1,
Biao Wang
2,
Joanne J.F. Wang
1,
Peter Yu Fan Zeng
1,
Florian Krammer
3,
Brian J. Ward
4,
Margaret L. Russell
5,
Mark Loeb
2,* and
Matthew S. Miller
1,*
1
Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
2
Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
3
Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
4
Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3H 2R9, Canada
5
Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vaccines 2019, 7(3), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines7030087
Received: 6 May 2019 / Revised: 7 August 2019 / Accepted: 7 August 2019 / Published: 12 August 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Influenza Virus Vaccines)
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Abstract

Both inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV) and live-attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) have been recommended for administration to children. Children are a high-risk group for severe influenza, and a major source of transmission. Therefore, prevention of infection by vaccination is particularly important. However, efficacy and immunogenicity of these vaccines are known to vary by season and geographic location. We compared the immunogenicity of the 2014–2015 Northern Hemisphere trivalent IIV and LAIV against influenza A virus in Canadian Hutterite children aged 2 to 17 using hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure hemagglutinin-specific serum IgA and mucosal IgA. Both vaccine formulations induced significant increases in HAI titers against H1N1 and H3N2 vaccine strains. Serum IgA titers against H3N2 were significantly boosted by both IIV and LAIV, while only IIV induced a significant increase in serum IgA specific to the H1N1 vaccine strain. While HAI titers correlated with protection conferred by IIV, mucosal IgA titers correlated with protection conferred by LAIV (mucosal IgA titers could not be established as a correlate for IIV due to sample size limitations). IIV and LAIV were previously reported to be equally efficacious in this cohort, although the immunogenicity of IIV was generally superior. View Full-Text
Keywords: influenza virus; inactivated influenza vaccine; live-attenuated influenza vaccine; childhood vaccination; antibodies; hemagglutinination inhibition; mucosal IgA; correlates of protection influenza virus; inactivated influenza vaccine; live-attenuated influenza vaccine; childhood vaccination; antibodies; hemagglutinination inhibition; mucosal IgA; correlates of protection
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MDPI and ACS Style

Ang, J.C.; Wang, B.; Wang, J.J.F.; Zeng, P.Y.F.; Krammer, F.; Ward, B.J.; Russell, M.L.; Loeb, M.; Miller, M.S. Comparative Immunogenicity of the 2014–2015 Northern Hemisphere Trivalent IIV and LAIV against Influenza A Viruses in Children. Vaccines 2019, 7, 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines7030087

AMA Style

Ang JC, Wang B, Wang JJF, Zeng PYF, Krammer F, Ward BJ, Russell ML, Loeb M, Miller MS. Comparative Immunogenicity of the 2014–2015 Northern Hemisphere Trivalent IIV and LAIV against Influenza A Viruses in Children. Vaccines. 2019; 7(3):87. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines7030087

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ang, Jann C., Biao Wang, Joanne J.F. Wang, Peter Y.F. Zeng, Florian Krammer, Brian J. Ward, Margaret L. Russell, Mark Loeb, and Matthew S. Miller. 2019. "Comparative Immunogenicity of the 2014–2015 Northern Hemisphere Trivalent IIV and LAIV against Influenza A Viruses in Children" Vaccines 7, no. 3: 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines7030087

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