Factors Associated with Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Among Working-Age Adults in Poland: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

Background: Influenza-related absenteeism causes significant economic implications. Vaccination is the most effective intervention for preventing influenza infection and its complications. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of seasonal influenza vaccination as well as to identify factors associated with seasonal influenza vaccination among working-age adults in Poland. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of a dataset generated during the representative cross-sectional survey among adults aged 18–64 years in Poland (December 2024). In the study group (n = 5006), 49.9% were women. Results: Among all respondents, 16.9% declared getting vaccinated against influenza in the last 3 years: 8.2% were vaccinated several times during this period, and 8.8% were vaccinated once. There were several socio-demographic differences (p < 0.05) in the influenza vaccination uptake. Among working-age adults, male gender (OR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.55–2.15, p < 0.001), age 18–24 years (OR: 2.63, 95%CI: 2.05–3.39; p < 0.001), living in cities over 100,000 residents (p < 0.05), having a part-time job (OR: 1.37; 95%CI: 1.08–1.73; p < 0.01), very good household financial situation (OR: 1.64; 95%CI: 1.19–2.24; p < 0.01), frequent infections throughout the year (p < 0.05), having chronic diseases (p < 0.05), taking dietary supplements regularly (OR: 1.66; 95%CI: 1.36–2.03; p < 0.001) and personal beliefs on doctors’ competencies (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with getting vaccinated against influenza in the last 3 years. Conclusions: This study revealed very low influenza vaccination coverage rates in working-age adults in Poland. Public health interventions are needed to address gaps in influenza vaccination uptake among working-age adults.