Durability of Immune Response after Application of a Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Liver Transplant Recipients
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Characteristics
3.2. Antibody Response and Titer after Second SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Doses
3.3. Course of Antibody Titers after Second and Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinations in LT Recipients
3.4. Comparison of the Antibody Response in Patients with and without MMF after Application of Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient Characteristics | LT Recipients n/[%] | HCWs n/[%] | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Total patient number, n [%] | 300 | 122 | - |
Sex (male/female), n [%] | 167 [55.7]/133 [44.3] | 70 [57.4]/52 [42.6] | 0.829 |
Age at basic immunization (years), median [IQR] | 56.5 [48–64] | 57 [51–61] | 0.505 |
Age of recipient at LT, median [IQR] | 47 [37–55] | - | - |
Time between first and second vaccinations, median [IQR] | 42 [35–42] | 46 [44–48] | <0.001 |
Time between second and booster vaccinations (days), median [IQR] | 187 [174–198] | 189 [185–195] | 0.020 |
Indication for LT | n [%] |
---|---|
Alcohol-induced liver cirrhosis | 45 [15] |
Hepatocellular carcinoma | 42 [14] |
Autoimmune hepatitis | 40 [13] |
Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 19 [6] |
Acute liver failure | 18 [6] |
Hepatitis C virus | 17 [5.7] |
NASH | 16 [5.3] |
Cryptogenic liver cirrhosis | 15 [5] |
Budd–Chiari syndrome | 11 [3.7] |
Hepatitis B/D virus | 8 [2.7] |
Bile duct atresia | 8 [2.7] |
Cystic liver | 8 [2.7] |
Hepatitis B virus | 6 [2] |
Wilson’s disease | 6 [2] |
Liver cirrhosis | 5 [1.7] |
Primary biliary cholangitis | 4 [1] |
Others 1 | 32 [10.7] |
Patient Characteristics | LT Recipients SARS-CoV-2 IgG Positive | LT Recipients SARS-CoV-2 IgG Negative | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Total patient number, n [%] | 158/213 [74] | 55/213 [26] | - |
Sex (male/female), n [%] | 91 [57.6]/67 [42.4] | 26 [47.3]/29 [52.7] | 0.210 |
Age at basic immunization (years), median [IQR] | 55.5 [41–63] | 58 [51–66] | 0.015 |
Time between first and second vaccinations, median [IQR] | 42 [35–42] | 42 [37–42] | 0.363 |
Immunosuppressive Therapy | Median [IQR] | Median [IQR] | p-Value |
Prednisolone (n = 16) No prednisolone (n = 197) | 9 [6] 149 [94] | 7 [13] 48 [87] | 0.133 |
MMF (n = 64) No MMF (n = 149) | 29 [18] 129 [82] | 35 [64] 20 [36] | 0.001 |
Tacrolimus-based immunosuppression (n = 191) No tacrolimus (n = 22) | 141 [89] 17 [11] | 50 [91] 5 [9] | 1.000 |
Everolimus (n = 9) No everolimus (n = 204) | 6 [4] 152 [96] | 3 [6] 52 [94] | 0.698 |
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Passenberg, M.; Authorsen-Grudmann, R.; Frey, A.; Korth, J.; Zmudzinski, J.; Anastasiou, O.E.; Möhlendick, B.; Schmidt, H.; Rashidi-Alavijeh, J.; Willuweit, K. Durability of Immune Response after Application of a Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Liver Transplant Recipients. Vaccines 2023, 11, 572. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030572
Passenberg M, Authorsen-Grudmann R, Frey A, Korth J, Zmudzinski J, Anastasiou OE, Möhlendick B, Schmidt H, Rashidi-Alavijeh J, Willuweit K. Durability of Immune Response after Application of a Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Liver Transplant Recipients. Vaccines. 2023; 11(3):572. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030572
Chicago/Turabian StylePassenberg, Moritz, Roxane Authorsen-Grudmann, Alexandra Frey, Johannes Korth, Jaqueline Zmudzinski, Olympia E. Anastasiou, Birte Möhlendick, Hartmut Schmidt, Jassin Rashidi-Alavijeh, and Katharina Willuweit. 2023. "Durability of Immune Response after Application of a Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Liver Transplant Recipients" Vaccines 11, no. 3: 572. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030572
APA StylePassenberg, M., Authorsen-Grudmann, R., Frey, A., Korth, J., Zmudzinski, J., Anastasiou, O. E., Möhlendick, B., Schmidt, H., Rashidi-Alavijeh, J., & Willuweit, K. (2023). Durability of Immune Response after Application of a Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Liver Transplant Recipients. Vaccines, 11(3), 572. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030572