Next Article in Journal
How Were Healthcare Workers after Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination? A Study of the Emotional Side Effects of Vaccination
Next Article in Special Issue
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Immunogenicity and Immunological Response Following COVID-19 Infection in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis
Previous Article in Journal
Assessing the Reliability of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Studies That Use Post-Vaccination Sera
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Vaccines
Volume 10
Issue 6
10.3390/vaccines10060853
vaccines-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Comparison of Immunogenicity and Safety of Inactivated, Adenovirus-Vectored, and Heterologous Adenovirus-Vectored/mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study

by
Theerada Assawasaksakul
1,†,
Tanat Lertussavavivat
2,†,
Seelwan Sathitratanacheewin
3,
Nont Oudomying
3,
Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana
4,
Nasamon Wanlapakorn
4,
Yong Poovorawan
4,5,
Yingyos Avihingsanon
2,
Nawaporn Assawasaksakul
6,
Supranee Buranapraditkun
3,7 and
Wonngarm Kittanamongkolchai
2,8,9,*
1
Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
2
Division of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
3
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
4
Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
5
The Royal Society of Thailand, Sanam Sueapa, Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
6
Cardiometabolic Center, BNH Hospital, Bangkok 10500, Thailand
7
Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
8
Mahachakri Sirindhorn Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
9
Renal Immunology and Transplantation Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama 4 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Vaccines 2022, 10(6), 853; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060853
Submission received: 25 April 2022 / Revised: 22 May 2022 / Accepted: 24 May 2022 / Published: 26 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immune Response after Vaccination against SARS-COV-2 in Patients with Chronic Diseases)
Browse Figures
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Impaired immune responses to COVID-19 vaccines have been observed in autoimmune rheumatic disease patients. Determining the most effective and safe vaccine regimen is critically needed in such a population. We aim to compare the immunogenicity and safety of three COVID-19 vaccine regimens in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: SLE and RA patients aged 18–65 years who received inactivated (CoronaVac or COVILO), adenovirus-vectored (AZD1222), or heterogeneous (AZD1222/BNT162b2) vaccines were enrolled. Humoral and cellular immune responses were assessed at day 28 after the second vaccination. This was performed using the serum binding antibody level against the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-RBD Ig) and IFNy-ELISpot assay (ELISpot), respectively. Reactogenicity was reviewed on day 7 following each vaccination. Disease activity was assessed before and on day 28 after the second vaccination. Results: The cohort consisted of 94 patients (64 SLE and 30 RA). Inactivated, AZD1222, and AZD1222/BNT162b2 vaccines were administered to 23, 43, and 28 patients, respectively. Anti-RBD titers were lowest in the inactivated vaccine group (2.84 AU/mL; 95% CI 0.96–8.44), followed by AZD1222 (233.7 AU/mL; 95% CI 99.0–505.5), and AZD1222/BNT162b2 (688.6 AU/mL; 95% CI 271–1745), p < 0.0001. After adjusting for relevant factors, the inactivated vaccine was associated with the lowest humoral response, while adenovirus-vectored/mRNA vaccine was the highest. The proportion of positive ELISpot test was also lowest in the inactivated vaccine group (27%), followed by the adenovirus-vectored vaccine (67%), and the adenovirus-vectored/mRNA vaccine (73%) (p = 0.03). All types of vaccine were well-tolerated. There was no flare of autoimmune disease post-vaccination. Conclusion: Adenovirus-vectored and adenovirus-vectored/mRNA vaccines elicited a stronger humoral and cellular immune response than inactivated vaccines, suggesting that they may be more suitable in SLE and RA patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy.
Keywords: immunogenicity; safety; reactogenicity; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; SLE; RA immunogenicity; safety; reactogenicity; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; SLE; RA

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Assawasaksakul, T.; Lertussavavivat, T.; Sathitratanacheewin, S.; Oudomying, N.; Vichaiwattana, P.; Wanlapakorn, N.; Poovorawan, Y.; Avihingsanon, Y.; Assawasaksakul, N.; Buranapraditkun, S.; et al. Comparison of Immunogenicity and Safety of Inactivated, Adenovirus-Vectored, and Heterologous Adenovirus-Vectored/mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study. Vaccines 2022, 10, 853. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060853

AMA Style

Assawasaksakul T, Lertussavavivat T, Sathitratanacheewin S, Oudomying N, Vichaiwattana P, Wanlapakorn N, Poovorawan Y, Avihingsanon Y, Assawasaksakul N, Buranapraditkun S, et al. Comparison of Immunogenicity and Safety of Inactivated, Adenovirus-Vectored, and Heterologous Adenovirus-Vectored/mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study. Vaccines. 2022; 10(6):853. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060853

Chicago/Turabian Style

Assawasaksakul, Theerada, Tanat Lertussavavivat, Seelwan Sathitratanacheewin, Nont Oudomying, Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana, Nasamon Wanlapakorn, Yong Poovorawan, Yingyos Avihingsanon, Nawaporn Assawasaksakul, Supranee Buranapraditkun, and et al. 2022. "Comparison of Immunogenicity and Safety of Inactivated, Adenovirus-Vectored, and Heterologous Adenovirus-Vectored/mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study" Vaccines 10, no. 6: 853. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060853

APA Style

Assawasaksakul, T., Lertussavavivat, T., Sathitratanacheewin, S., Oudomying, N., Vichaiwattana, P., Wanlapakorn, N., Poovorawan, Y., Avihingsanon, Y., Assawasaksakul, N., Buranapraditkun, S., & Kittanamongkolchai, W. (2022). Comparison of Immunogenicity and Safety of Inactivated, Adenovirus-Vectored, and Heterologous Adenovirus-Vectored/mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study. Vaccines, 10(6), 853. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060853

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop