Immunological Cross-Protection between Different Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Viruses—Implications for Rabbit Biocontrol and Vaccine Development
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals and Experimental Design
2.2. Cross-Protection in Rabbits with Experimentally Acquired Immunity
2.3. Cross-Protection in Rabbits Vaccinated with a Prototype Vaccine
2.4. Cross-Protection in Rabbits with Naturally Acquired Immunity
2.5. Virus Challenge
2.6. Vaccine
2.7. Monitoring, Sample Collection
2.8. Data Analyses
2.9. Serological Testing
2.10. Molecular Testing
3. Results
3.1. Survival of Seronegative Rabbits Following Various RHDV Challenges
3.2. Survival of Rabbits with Experimentally Acquired Immunity Following GI.2 Challenge
3.3. Survival of Vaccinated Rabbits Following Various RHDV Challenges
3.4. Survival of Rabbits with Naturally Acquired Immunity Following Various RHDV Challenges
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Immunity Status | Age at Challenge (Weeks) | Challenge Virus | Infectious Dose (RID50 1) | Survived/Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
Seronegative | 11 | GI.2 2 | 50 | 1/8 3 |
Seronegative | 16 | GI.1a | 1500 | 0/12 |
Seronegative | 16 | GI.1c | 1500 | 0/12 |
Seronegative | 16 | GI.22 | 1500 | 0/12 |
GI.4c | 11 | GI.22 | 50 | 7/9 |
GI.1a | 11 | GI.22 | 50 | 7/7 |
GI.1 4 | 12 | GI.22 | 150 | 9/10 |
GI.1 4 | 12 | GI.22 | 1500 | 5/9 |
GI.1 4 | 33 | GI.22 | 1500 | 1/7 |
GI.1 4 | 33 | GI.1a | 1500 | 7/7 |
GI.2 | 10–12 | GI.1a | 1500 | 1/4 |
GI.2 | 10–12 | GI.1c | 1500 | 2/3 |
GI.2 | 10–12 | GI.22 | 1500 | 3/4 |
GI.2 5 | 12 | GI.1a | 150 | 9/12 |
GI.2 5 | 12 | GI.1a | 1500 | 9/13 |
GI.2 5 | 12 | GI.2 2 | 150,000 | 12/12 |
Vaccination Status | Vaccine Dose (HAU 1) | Challenge Virus (Dose 1500 RID50) | Survived/Total |
---|---|---|---|
Seronegative | No vaccine | GI.1c | 0/12 |
Seronegative | No vaccine | GI.1a | 0/12 |
Seronegative | No vaccine | GI.2 2 | 0/12 |
GI.2 2 | 128 | GI.1c | 0/6 |
GI.2 2 | 128 | GI.1a | 0/6 |
GI.2 2 | 100 | GI.2 2 | 9/9 |
Multivalent | 96 | GI.1c | 6/6 |
Multivalent | 96 | GI.1a | 6/6 |
Multivalent | 96 | GI.2 2 | 6/6 |
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O’Connor, T.W.; Read, A.J.; Hall, R.N.; Strive, T.; Kirkland, P.D. Immunological Cross-Protection between Different Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Viruses—Implications for Rabbit Biocontrol and Vaccine Development. Vaccines 2022, 10, 666. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050666
O’Connor TW, Read AJ, Hall RN, Strive T, Kirkland PD. Immunological Cross-Protection between Different Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Viruses—Implications for Rabbit Biocontrol and Vaccine Development. Vaccines. 2022; 10(5):666. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050666
Chicago/Turabian StyleO’Connor, Tiffany W., Andrew J. Read, Robyn N. Hall, Tanja Strive, and Peter D. Kirkland. 2022. "Immunological Cross-Protection between Different Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Viruses—Implications for Rabbit Biocontrol and Vaccine Development" Vaccines 10, no. 5: 666. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050666