Soluble Cyanobacterial Carotenoprotein as a Robust Antioxidant Nanocarrier and Delivery Module
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Cloning, Protein Expression, and Purification
2.3. Lipid Bilayer Setup, Recording System, and Calculations
2.4. Measurement of the Membrane Boundary Potential
2.5. Confocal Microscopy of Unilamellar Vesicles
2.6. Differential Scanning Calorimetry
2.7. Thin Layer Chromatography of Carotenoids
2.8. Production of Liposomes with Carotenoids
2.9. Absorption Measurements
2.10. Raman Spectroscopy Measurements
2.11. Delivery of Carotenoids into Mammalian Cells by AnaCTDH
2.12. Antioxidant Activity of Carotenoids Delivered into Mammalian Cells by CTDH
2.13. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Direct Interaction of AnaCTDH Apoprotein with the Membranes
3.2. Carotenoid Uptake by the AnaCTDH Apoprotein from Liposomes
3.3. Carotenoid Delivery into Liposomes
3.4. Carotenoid Delivery from AnaCTDH(ECN) Holoprotein into Mammalian Cells
3.5. Carotenoid Delivery to Mammalian Cells Alleviates Oxidative Stress
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Spectroscopic Characterization of the AnaCTDH Apoprotein Species
Echinenone Uptake from Liposomes
Carotenoid Delivery by AnaCTDH does not Require Internalization of the Protein
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Maksimov, E.G.; Zamaraev, A.V.; Parshina, E.Y.; Slonimskiy, Y.B.; Slastnikova, T.A.; Abdrakhmanov, A.A.; Babaev, P.A.; Efimova, S.S.; Ostroumova, O.S.; Stepanov, A.V.; et al. Soluble Cyanobacterial Carotenoprotein as a Robust Antioxidant Nanocarrier and Delivery Module. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 869. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9090869
Maksimov EG, Zamaraev AV, Parshina EY, Slonimskiy YB, Slastnikova TA, Abdrakhmanov AA, Babaev PA, Efimova SS, Ostroumova OS, Stepanov AV, et al. Soluble Cyanobacterial Carotenoprotein as a Robust Antioxidant Nanocarrier and Delivery Module. Antioxidants. 2020; 9(9):869. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9090869
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaksimov, Eugene G., Alexey V. Zamaraev, Evgenia Yu. Parshina, Yury B. Slonimskiy, Tatiana A. Slastnikova, Alibek A. Abdrakhmanov, Pavel A. Babaev, Svetlana S. Efimova, Olga S. Ostroumova, Alexey V. Stepanov, and et al. 2020. "Soluble Cyanobacterial Carotenoprotein as a Robust Antioxidant Nanocarrier and Delivery Module" Antioxidants 9, no. 9: 869. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9090869