Influences of Dietary Vitamin E, Selenium-Enriched Yeast, and Soy Isoflavone Supplementation on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and Gut Microbiota in Finishing Pigs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals and Experimental Diets
2.2. Sample Collections
2.3. Analyses of Plasma Biochemical Parameters
2.4. Analyses of Plasma Antioxidant Parameters and the mRNA Expression of Antioxidant Genes in Longissimus lumborum
2.5. Carcass Traits
2.6. Meat Quality
2.7. DNA Extraction, 16S rRNA Sequencing, and Bioinformatic Analysis
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Growth Performance
3.2. Plasma Biochemical Indexes
3.3. Plasma Antioxidant Capacity and Antioxidant Gene Expression in the Muscle
3.4. Carcass Traits
3.5. Meat Quality
3.6. Analysis of Gut Microbiota Composition and Diversity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ingredient | % | Nutrient Composition 1 | |
---|---|---|---|
Corn | 85.6 | DE, MJ/kg | 14.43 |
Soybean meal | 9.73 | ME, MJ/kg | 14.07 |
Soybean oil | 1.00 | NE, MJ/kg | 10.24 |
L-Lysine HCl | 0.46 | CP, % | 12.01 |
DL-Methionine | 0.05 | Ca, % | 0.51 |
L-Tryptophan | 0.06 | Total phosphorus, % | 0.47 |
L-Threonine | 0.15 | Available phosphorus, % | 0.28 |
Limestone | 0.65 | SID 3 Lysine, % | 0.83 |
CaHPO4 | 1.00 | SID Methionine, % | 0.25 |
NaCl | 0.30 | SID Methionine + Cystine, % | 0.47 |
Premix 2 | 1.00 | SID Threonine, % | 0.53 |
Total | 100.00 | SID Tryptophan, % | 0.17 |
Item | Control Group | CA Group | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Body weight (BW), kg | |||
d 1 | 100.42 ± 1.84 | 99.92 ± 1.57 | 0.841 |
d 14 | 113.67 ± 1.99 | 113.32 ± 2.09 | 0.907 |
d 28 | 128.30 ± 2.83 | 130.17 ± 1.88 | 0.851 |
Average daily feed intake (ADG), kg/d | |||
d 1–14 | 0.95 ± 0.08 | 0.96 ± 0.14 | 0.942 |
d 14–28 | 0.88 ± 0.08 | 0.96 ± 0.10 | 0.596 |
d 1–28 | 0.92 ± 0.04 | 0.96 ± 0.08 | 0.614 |
Average daily feed intake (ADFI), kg/d | |||
d 1–14 | 3.39 ± 0.05 | 3.51 ± 0.32 | 0.709 |
d 14–28 | 3.01 ± 0.17 | 2.63 ± 0.12 * | 0.030 |
d 1–28 | 3.20 ± 0.07 | 3.06 ± 0.18 | 0.496 |
Feed to gain ratio (F/G) | |||
d 1–14 | 3.69 ± 0.29 | 3.79 ± 0.19 | 0.799 |
d 14–28 | 3.54 ± 0.37 | 2.88 ± 0.26 * | 0.042 |
d 1–28 | 3.55 ± 0.22 | 3.25 ± 0.17 | 0.226 |
Item | Control Group | CA Group | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Glucose, mmol/L | 4.33 ± 0.27 | 4.63 ± 0.27 | 0.441 |
Albumin, g/L | 39.70 ± 1.30 | 41.87 ± 0.80 | 0.211 |
Total protein, μg/mL | 69,527.88 ± 1577.40 | 63,205.05 ± 934.74 * | 0.009 |
Urea nitrogen, ng/mL | 2.82 ± 0.28 | 2.14 ± 0.08 * | 0.032 |
Triglyceride, mmol/L | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 0.17 ± 0.01 * | 0.001 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.85 ± 0.22 | 4.05 ± 0.27 | 0.590 |
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Zhu, C.; Yang, J.; Nie, X.; Wu, Q.; Wang, L.; Jiang, Z. Influences of Dietary Vitamin E, Selenium-Enriched Yeast, and Soy Isoflavone Supplementation on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and Gut Microbiota in Finishing Pigs. Antioxidants 2022, 11, 1510. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081510
Zhu C, Yang J, Nie X, Wu Q, Wang L, Jiang Z. Influences of Dietary Vitamin E, Selenium-Enriched Yeast, and Soy Isoflavone Supplementation on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and Gut Microbiota in Finishing Pigs. Antioxidants. 2022; 11(8):1510. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081510
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhu, Cui, Jingsen Yang, Xiaoyan Nie, Qiwen Wu, Li Wang, and Zongyong Jiang. 2022. "Influences of Dietary Vitamin E, Selenium-Enriched Yeast, and Soy Isoflavone Supplementation on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and Gut Microbiota in Finishing Pigs" Antioxidants 11, no. 8: 1510. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081510