Do the Bugs in Your Gut Eat Your Memories? Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer’s Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Methodology
2. Characterization of Alzheimer’s Disease
3. Techniques for Microbiome Analysis
4. Gut Microbiota–Brain Axis in Alzheimer’s Disease
Enteric Nervous System: Vagus Nerve
5. Gut Microbiota Composition and Diversity in Individuals with AD
6. Gut Microbiota Composition and Diversity in Murine Models of Key AD Pathologies
7. Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome in Neuroinflammation in AD
7.1. Neuroinflammation: Microglial Activation and the Gut Microbiome
7.2. Neuroinflammation: Astrocyte Activation and Gut Microbiome
8. Microbial Etiology Hypothesis in AD
9. Potential for Microbiome-Based Therapeutics
10. Limitations of Current Research
11. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | Increased Abundance | Decreased Abundance | Citation |
---|---|---|---|
Human | g.Blautia, g.Alistipes, g.Bacteroides | g.Turicibacter, g.Clostridium, g.Dialister | Vogt et al. [66] |
Human | g.Gammaproteobacteria, g.Enterobacteriales and f.Enterobacteriaceae | g.Ruminococcus f.Clostridiaceae, f.Lachnospiraceae | Liu et al. [67] |
Human | g.Ruminococcus, g.Subdoligranulum | f.Lachnospiraceae, g.Lachnoclostridium, g.Bacteroides | Zhuang [68] |
Human | g.Bacteroides, g.Alistipes, g.Odoribacter | g.Butyrivibrio, g.Eubacterium, g.Lachnoclostridium, | Haran et al. [69] |
APP/PS1 | g.Desulfovibrio, g.Akkermansia, f.Lachnospiraceae, g.Ruminococcus | g.Alistiples | Chen et al. [72] |
Species | Increased Abundance | Decreased Abundance | Intervention | Citation |
---|---|---|---|---|
3xTg-AD | g.Bifidobacterium | o.Campylobacterales | SLAB51 probiotic | Bonfili et al. [76] |
APP/PS1 | g.Lactobacillus | g.Helicobacter | FOS supplement | Sun et al. [77] |
3xTg-AD | f. Rikenellaceae, f.Lachnospiraceae, f.Enterococcaceae and f.S24.7 | g.Bifidobacterium, g.Lactobacillus | Fatty diet | Sanguinetti et al. [78] |
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Borsom, E.M.; Lee, K.; Cope, E.K. Do the Bugs in Your Gut Eat Your Memories? Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer’s Disease. Brain Sci. 2020, 10, 814. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10110814
Borsom EM, Lee K, Cope EK. Do the Bugs in Your Gut Eat Your Memories? Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer’s Disease. Brain Sciences. 2020; 10(11):814. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10110814
Chicago/Turabian StyleBorsom, Emily M., Keehoon Lee, and Emily K. Cope. 2020. "Do the Bugs in Your Gut Eat Your Memories? Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer’s Disease" Brain Sciences 10, no. 11: 814. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10110814