Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids and their Application in the Dissolution of Cellulose
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Synthesis of Ionic Liquids
2.2. Cellulose Dissolution and Preparation of the Regenerated Cellulose Film
2.3. Analysis Instruments
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. The Physical Properties of the Prepared Ionic Liquids
3.2. Cellulose Dissolution
3.3. The Crystallinity of the Regenerated Cellulose Film
3.4. X-Ray Diffraction Spectrum
3.5. Infrared Spectroscopy
3.6. Degree of Polymerization of the Regenerated Cellulose Film
3.7. Thermal Stability of the Regenerated Cellulose Films
3.8. Morphology of the Regenerated Cellulose Film
3.9. Recycling of the Ionic Liquids
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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ILs | Cation Structure | Molecular Weight | Melting Temperature | η a (cp) | Eflow b (kcal/mol) | Td c |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QA | 461 | <−70 °C | 886 | 10.7 | 180 °C | |
TA | 414 | <−70 °C | 443 | 9.2 | 173 °C | |
NA | 245 | <−70 °C | 59 | 8.1 | 180 °C |
Sample | Crystal Phase | Crystallinity Index (%) |
---|---|---|
MCC | type I | 68 |
CW-5 | 58 | |
CA-5 | 44 | |
CQA-5 | type II | 30 |
CTA-5 | 26 | |
CNA-5 | 15 | |
CNA-2 | 10 | |
CNA-10 | 19 | |
CNA-12 | 49 |
Cellulose Materials | LOI A1432/A898 | TCI A1372/A2904 | Degree of Polymerization |
---|---|---|---|
MCC | 2.525 | 0.118 | 309 |
CW-5 | 2.448 | 0.093 | 299 |
CA-5 | 1.815 | 0.085 | 208 |
CQA-5 | 1.124 | 0.054 | 62 |
CTA-5 | 0.482 | 0.036 | 146 |
CNA-2 | 0.275 | 0.020 | 79 |
CNA-5 | 0.382 | 0.023 | 174 |
CNA-10 | 0.534 | 0.028 | 219 |
CNA-12 | 0.859 | 0.055 | 269 |
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Tseng, Y.-H.; Lee, Y.-Y.; Chen, S.-H. Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids and their Application in the Dissolution of Cellulose. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091750
Tseng Y-H, Lee Y-Y, Chen S-H. Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids and their Application in the Dissolution of Cellulose. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(9):1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091750
Chicago/Turabian StyleTseng, Yao-Hsuan, Yu-Yin Lee, and Shih-Hsun Chen. 2019. "Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids and their Application in the Dissolution of Cellulose" Applied Sciences 9, no. 9: 1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091750