A Bayesian Network Based Adaptability Design of Product Structures for Function Evolution
Abstract
:Featured Application
Abstract
1. Introduction
- (1)
- We propose a Bayesian network based model for product dynamic design reasoning. It has the advantage of crossing the barrier of traditional product design methods and empirical experience. This model allows for us to represent all of the relevant factors and their dependency relationships in a probabilistic way so that a variety of inferences can be conducted to guide the design process.
- (2)
- We develop a product dynamic design scheme using data analysis and reasoning. Since product design is not only related to changes in customer demands, but also other factors in the implementation process with direct or indirect relationships, it is difficult to analyze the complex rules that are hidden in the product design process. Our method provides a quantitative way to learn these design rules.
- (3)
- We establish a probabilistic product dynamic design model to model the uncertainty that is involved in market demand and the structural diversity of products.
- (4)
- We obtain product dynamic evolution law through Bayesian network model based reasoning, which provides the theoretical basis for product evolution (dynamic) design.
2. Function Evolution in PF Design
2.1. Data Driven PF Dynamic Design
2.2. Evolution Design Analysis for PF
3. Data-Driven Dynamic Design Model for Product Structure
3.1. Probablistic Reasoning and Analysis Based on Bayesian Network
- ➢
- the conditional independence and dependency among the attributes is intuitivein the Bayesian Network; and,
- ➢
- the Bayesian Network depicts the joint probability distributions of events in a more succinct form. Therefore, the occurrence probability of a given event can be derived rapidly according to the structure of the network and the probability table.
3.2. Dynamic Design Model Based on Bayesian Network
3.2.1. Structure of the Network Model
3.2.2. Parameters Learning of the Bayesian Network
3.3. Reasoning Analysisbetween Functional and Structural
4. Case Study
4.1. Evolution Model of Electric Toothbrush Based on Bayesian Network
4.2. Validation of Evolution Design Rule for Electricaltoothbrushes
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Brush Head Type (N1) | Bristle Type (N2) | Bristle Quality (N3) | Tongue Scraper (N4) | Switch Type (N5) | Power Type (N6) | Vibration Frequency (Once/min) (N7) |
general:1 interdental:2 special effects:3 | hard:1 soft:2 | poor:1 medium:2 good:3 | none:1 Incidental:2 | weak:1 strong:2 | dry battery:1 charger:2 | wide:1 standard:2 fixed point:3 |
Vibration mode (N8) | Metal shield (N9) | Sleeve (N10) | Sports mode (N11) | Brushing mode (N12) | Timing function (N13) | Anti-skid (N14) |
normal:1 eccentric:2 | none:1 Incidental:2 | none:1 Incidental:2 | lateral:1 longitudinal:2 | manual:1 electric:2 | none:1 Incidental:2 | no:1 yes:2 |
Weight (g)(N15) | Power cord length/cm (N16) | Shape length/mm (N17) | Market sales/Million pieces (N18) | Cleaning capacity (N19) | Customer satisfaction (N20) | Service life/month (N21) |
Continuous variable | Continuous variable | 240:1 250:2 255:3 260:4 | Continuous variable | weak:1 strong:2 | Continuous variable (0, 1) | Continuous variable |
Duration (N22) | Convenience (N23) | Cleaning time/min (N24) | Price/yuan (N25) | Cost/yuan (N26) | - | - |
Continuous variable | inconvenient:1 convenient:2 easy:3 | Continuous variable | Continuous variable | Continuous variable | - | - |
Node | N3 | N17 | N20 | N25 | N26 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Probability | P(X = 1) | 0.3016 | 0.1686 | 0.3076 | 0.4855 | 0.4513 |
P(X = 2) | 0.3492 | 0.3087 | 0.3683 | 0.5145 | 0.5487 | |
P(X = 3) | 0.3492 | 0.3373 | 0.3241 | - | - | |
P(X = 4) | - | 0.1854 | - | - | - |
Evolutionary Process | Customer Needs/Drive Elements |
---|---|
E421→E421B | N2:1→2; N3:1→2; N6:1→2; N9:1→2; N21: lengthen |
E421A→E421B | N5:1→2; N6:1→2; N13:1→2; N15: lighter; N24: shorter |
E421B→E421e | N2:1→2; N3:1→3; N10:1→2; N14:1→2; N23:2→3 |
E421B→E421D | N7:1→2; N13:1→2; N19:1→2; N22: lengthen; N23:2→3; N24: shorter |
Proofs | N1 | N2 | N3 | N4 | N5 | N6 | N7 |
E421 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
E420A | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
E421B | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Demands | - | - | - | - | 1 | 2 | 2 |
Proofs | N8 | N9 | N10 | N11 | N12 | N13 | N14 |
E421 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
E420A | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
E421B | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
Demands | - | - | - | - | 2 | 2 | - |
Proofs | N15 | N16 | N17 | N18 | N19 | N20 | N21 |
E421 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
E420A | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
E421B | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 |
Demands | - | - | - | - | 2 | 3 | 3 |
Proofs | N22 | N23 | N24 | N25 | N26 | ||
E421 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | - | - |
E420A | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | - | - |
E421B | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | - | - |
Demands | 2 | 3 | 3 | - | - | - | - |
Design Data | N1 | N2 | N3 | N4 | N5 | N6 | N7 |
P(X = 1) | 0.1781 | 0.2123 | 0.3612 | 0.4375 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
P(X = 2) | 0.3215 | 0.7877 | 0.1474 | 0.5625 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
P(X = 3) | 0.5004 | - | 0.4914 | - | - | - | 0 |
P(X = 4) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
E421D | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
Design data | N8 | N9 | N10 | N11 | N12 | N13 | N14 |
P(X = 1) | 0.2062 | 0.4231 | 0.3326 | 0.2378 | 0 | 0 | 0.4721 |
P(X = 2) | 0.7938 | 0.5769 | 0.6674 | 0.7622 | 1 | 1 | 0.5279 |
P(X = 3) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
P(X = 4) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
E421D | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Design data | N15 | N16 | N17 | N18 | N19 | N20 | N21 |
P(X = 1) | 1 | 0.4067 | 0.5046 | 0.246 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
P(X = 2) | 0 | 0.5933 | 0.1585 | 0.2245 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
P(X = 3) | - | - | 0.2783 | 0.5295 | - | 1 | 1 |
P(X = 4) | - | - | 0.0586 | - | - | - | - |
E421D | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
Design data | N22 | N23 | N24 | N25 | N26 | ||
P(X = 1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3128 | 0.2594 | - | - |
P(X = 2) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.6872 | 0.7406 | - | |
P(X = 3) | 0 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - |
P(X = 4) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
E421D | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | - | - |
Evolutionary Process | Node | P(X = 1) | P(X = 2) | P(X = 3) | P(X = 4) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
E421→E421B | N12 | 0.3205 | 0.6795 | - | - |
N18 | 0.2851 | 0.5204 | 0.1945 | - | |
E421A→E421B | N11 | 0.203 | 0.797 | - | - |
N12 | 0.336 | 0.664 | - | - | |
N17 | 0.2219 | 0.5313 | 0.0221 | 0.2247 | |
E421B→E421e | N8 | 0.2051 | 0.7949 | - | - |
N15 | 0.6338 | 0.3662 | - | - | |
E421B→E421D | N4 | 0.4375 | 0.5625 | - | - |
N8 | 0.2062 | 0.7938 | - | - | |
N11 | 0.2378 | 0.7622 | - | - | |
N16 | 0.4067 | 0.5933 | - | - | |
N17 | 0.5046 | 0.1585 | 0.2783 | 0.0586 | |
N18 | 0.246 | 0.2245 | 0.5295 | - |
Evolutionary Process | Drive Elements | Adaptive Design |
---|---|---|
E421→E421B | N2:1→2; N3:1→2; N6:1→2; N9:1→2; N21: lengthen | N12:1→2; N18:larger |
E421A→E421B | N5:1→2; N6:1→2; N13:1→2; N15: lighter; N24: shorter | N11:1→2; N12:1→2; N17:3→2 |
E421B→E421e | N2:1→2; N3:1→3; N10:1→2; N14:1→2; N23:2→3 | N8:1→2; N10:2→1; N15:1→2 |
E421B→E421D | N7:1→2; N13:1→2; N19:1→2; N22: lengthen; N23:2→3; N24: shorter | N4:1→2; N8:1→2; N11:1→2; N16: lengthen; N17:2→1; N18: larger |
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Li, S.; Wu, Y.; Xu, Y.; Hu, J.; Hu, J. A Bayesian Network Based Adaptability Design of Product Structures for Function Evolution. Appl. Sci. 2018, 8, 493. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8040493
Li S, Wu Y, Xu Y, Hu J, Hu J. A Bayesian Network Based Adaptability Design of Product Structures for Function Evolution. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8(4):493. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8040493
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Shaobo, Yongming Wu, Yanxia Xu, Jie Hu, and Jianjun Hu. 2018. "A Bayesian Network Based Adaptability Design of Product Structures for Function Evolution" Applied Sciences 8, no. 4: 493. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8040493
APA StyleLi, S., Wu, Y., Xu, Y., Hu, J., & Hu, J. (2018). A Bayesian Network Based Adaptability Design of Product Structures for Function Evolution. Applied Sciences, 8(4), 493. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8040493