Metal Carbides for Biomass Valorization
1
Institut pour la Maîtrise de l’Énergie, Université d’Antananarivo, BP 566, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
2
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(2), 259; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8020259
Received: 18 January 2018 / Revised: 7 February 2018 / Accepted: 7 February 2018 / Published: 9 February 2018
(This article belongs to the Section Chemistry)
Transition metal carbides have been utilized as an alternative catalyst to expensive noble metals for the conversion of biomass. Tungsten and molybdenum carbides have been shown to be effective catalysts for hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation and isomerization reactions. The satisfactory activities of these metal carbides and their low costs, compared with noble metals, make them appealing alternatives and worthy of further investigation. In this review, we succinctly describe common synthesis techniques, including temperature-programmed reaction and carbothermal hydrogen reduction, utilized to prepare metal carbides used for biomass transformation. Attention will be focused, successively, on the application of transition metal carbide catalysts in the transformation of first-generation (oils) and second-generation (lignocellulose) biomass to biofuels and fine chemicals.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Chan-Thaw, C.E.; Villa, A. Metal Carbides for Biomass Valorization. Appl. Sci. 2018, 8, 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8020259
AMA Style
Chan-Thaw CE, Villa A. Metal Carbides for Biomass Valorization. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8(2):259. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8020259
Chicago/Turabian StyleChan-Thaw, Carine E.; Villa, Alberto. 2018. "Metal Carbides for Biomass Valorization" Appl. Sci. 8, no. 2: 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8020259
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