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Applied Sciences
Volume 15
Issue 23
10.3390/app152312816
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Development of a Prototype Hybrid Mixed Reality and Haptic Task Trainer for Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation

by
Nathan Lucien Vieira
1,†,
Wei Ming Ng
2,†,
Soyoung Lim
3,
Jinsoo Rhu
3,
Jaemyung Ahn
4,
Jong Chul Kim
5,
Meong Hi Son
1,6 and
Won Chul Cha
1,6,*
1
Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
2
Department of Emergency Medicine, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore 609606, Singapore
3
Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
4
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
5
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
6
Department of Emergency Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(23), 12816; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152312816 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 30 October 2025 / Revised: 1 December 2025 / Accepted: 1 December 2025 / Published: 3 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study introduces a novel mixed reality (MR) TMJ dislocation teaching program developed using HoloLens 2 and collaboration with interdisciplinary teams. The program offers an immersive learning experience, enabling individuals to visualize and interact with detailed 3D temporomandibular joint (TMJ) models and practice different reduction techniques repeatedly. Real-time feedback, combining the visual holographic overlay with mechanical resistance in the physical model, supports the learning process. The 3D-printed skull model provided haptic feedback, strengthened the positive response given by the MR model, and reinforced muscle memory. Despite some challenges related to the learning curve and cost, the program shows promise for practicing uncommon, high-anxiety clinical procedures in medical education. Future research directions include comparisons with traditional teaching methods, evaluating long-term skill retention, and exploring MR applications in other clinical procedures. Overall, this project demonstrates the potential of MR technology to advance medical education and skill acquisition.
Keywords: HoloLens; temporomandibular joint dislocation; jaw dislocation; mixed reality; medical education; reduction of dislocation HoloLens; temporomandibular joint dislocation; jaw dislocation; mixed reality; medical education; reduction of dislocation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Vieira, N.L.; Ng, W.M.; Lim, S.; Rhu, J.; Ahn, J.; Kim, J.C.; Son, M.H.; Cha, W.C. Development of a Prototype Hybrid Mixed Reality and Haptic Task Trainer for Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 12816. https://doi.org/10.3390/app152312816

AMA Style

Vieira NL, Ng WM, Lim S, Rhu J, Ahn J, Kim JC, Son MH, Cha WC. Development of a Prototype Hybrid Mixed Reality and Haptic Task Trainer for Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(23):12816. https://doi.org/10.3390/app152312816

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vieira, Nathan Lucien, Wei Ming Ng, Soyoung Lim, Jinsoo Rhu, Jaemyung Ahn, Jong Chul Kim, Meong Hi Son, and Won Chul Cha. 2025. "Development of a Prototype Hybrid Mixed Reality and Haptic Task Trainer for Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation" Applied Sciences 15, no. 23: 12816. https://doi.org/10.3390/app152312816

APA Style

Vieira, N. L., Ng, W. M., Lim, S., Rhu, J., Ahn, J., Kim, J. C., Son, M. H., & Cha, W. C. (2025). Development of a Prototype Hybrid Mixed Reality and Haptic Task Trainer for Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation. Applied Sciences, 15(23), 12816. https://doi.org/10.3390/app152312816

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