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Article

Sedimentary Model of Sublacustrine Fans in the Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag

1
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Jidong Oilfield, Tangshan 063004, China
2
School of Earth Sciences, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(15), 8674; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15158674 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 12 June 2025 / Revised: 2 August 2025 / Accepted: 4 August 2025 / Published: 5 August 2025

Abstract

The Shahejie Formation in Nanpu Sag is a crucial region for deep-layer hydrocarbon exploration in the Bohai Bay Basin. To address the impact of faults on sublacustrine fan formation and spatial distribution within the study area, this study integrated well logging, laboratory analysis, and 3D seismic data to systematically analyze sedimentary characteristics of sandbodies from the first member of the Shahejie Formation (Es1) sublacustrine fans, clarifying their planar and cross-sectional distributions. Further research indicates that Gaoliu Fault activity during Es1 deposition played a significant role in fan development through two mechanisms: (1) vertical displacement between hanging wall and footwall reshaped local paleogeomorphology; (2) tectonic stresses generated by fault movement affected slope stability, triggering gravitational mass transport processes that remobilized fan delta sediments into the central depression zone as sublacustrine fans through slumping and collapse mechanisms. Core observations reveal soft-sediment deformation features, including slump structures, flame structures, and shale rip-up clasts. Seismic profiles show lens-shaped geometries with thick centers thinning laterally, exhibiting lateral pinch-out terminations. Inverse fault-step architectures formed by underlying faults control sandbody distribution patterns, restricting primary deposition locations for sublacustrine fan development. The study demonstrates that sublacustrine fans in the study area are formed by gravity flow processes. A new model was established, illustrating the combined control of the Gaoliu Fault and reverse stepover faults on fan development. These findings provide valuable insights for gravity flow exploration and reservoir prediction in the Nanpu Sag, offering important implications for hydrocarbon exploration in similar lacustrine rift basins.
Keywords: sublacustrine fan; sedimentology; Shahejie Formation; Nanpu Sag; hydrocarbon exploration sublacustrine fan; sedimentology; Shahejie Formation; Nanpu Sag; hydrocarbon exploration

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, Z.; Ma, Z.; Meng, L.; Yang, R.; Yuan, H.; Yu, X.; He, C.; Wu, H. Sedimentary Model of Sublacustrine Fans in the Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 8674. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15158674

AMA Style

Wang Z, Ma Z, Meng L, Yang R, Yuan H, Yu X, He C, Wu H. Sedimentary Model of Sublacustrine Fans in the Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(15):8674. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15158674

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Zhen, Zhihui Ma, Lingjian Meng, Rongchao Yang, Hongqi Yuan, Xuntao Yu, Chunbo He, and Haiguang Wu. 2025. "Sedimentary Model of Sublacustrine Fans in the Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag" Applied Sciences 15, no. 15: 8674. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15158674

APA Style

Wang, Z., Ma, Z., Meng, L., Yang, R., Yuan, H., Yu, X., He, C., & Wu, H. (2025). Sedimentary Model of Sublacustrine Fans in the Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag. Applied Sciences, 15(15), 8674. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15158674

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