The Spatiotemporal Variation in Biodiversity and Its Response to Different Future Development Scenarios: A Case Study of Guilin as an Internationally Renowned Tourist Destination in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area and Data Sources
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data Sources and Preprocessing
2.3. Methods
2.3.1. The HQ Assessment Based on the InVEST Model
2.3.2. Landscape Structure Index
2.3.3. Biodiversity Index
2.3.4. Analysis of Biodiversity Hot and Cold Spots
2.3.5. Future LUC Simulation Projections
3. Results
3.1. Analysis of Spatiotemporal Changes in Biodiversity
3.2. Analysis of Cold and Hot Spots of Biodiversity from 2000 to 2020
3.3. Comparison of Biodiversity in Different Scenarios in 2040
4. Discussion
4.1. Analysis of Biodiversity Change
4.2. Impacts of Different Development Scenarios on Biodiversity
4.3. Limitations of the Study and Future Perspectives
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- The overall biodiversity situation in Guilin exhibited a positive trajectory from 2000 to 2020. However, it also displayed a gradual decline, with an annual average biodiversity index decreasing from 0.875 to 0.870. The spatial distribution of biodiversity was differentiated, with the overall distribution characterized by “higher in the northwest, southwest, and east, and lower in the northeast, southeast, and central parts of the country”.
- (2)
- The biodiversity hotspots area was distributed in discontinuous patches in the northwestern, southwestern, and eastern parts of Guilin. The total area showed a slightly increasing trend from 2000 to 2020. Ecological protection measures have designated biodiversity hotspots as priority areas for protection, with emphasis on the protection of WTL and WL and the reasonable control of CL and AL.
- (3)
- The annual mean value of the biodiversity index of Guilin in the EPS in 2040 showed an upward trend compared with the NDS. It expanded the proportion of the area with high biodiversity value and effectively slowed down the degradation rate of regional biodiversity. The implementation of ecological protection measures can better achieve the goal of the sustainable development of biodiversity in Guilin and ensure regional ecological security.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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LULC | Name * | Habitat | L_AL | L_CL |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | AL | 0.4 | 0 | 0.6 |
2 | WL | 1 | 0.75 | 0.9 |
3 | GL | 0.8 | 0.45 | 0.7 |
4 | WTL | 1 | 0.7 | 0.85 |
5 | WT | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.75 |
6 | CL | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Threat Factors | Max_Dist | Weight | Decay |
---|---|---|---|
Arable land | 1.5 | 0.5 | linear |
Construction land | 5.5 | 0.9 | linear |
Railway | 2.5 | 0.6 | linear |
Highway | 1.5 | 0.5 | linear |
Type * | Hot Spots (%) | Cold Spots (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 2020 | 2000 | 2020 | |
AL | 13.37 | 13.37 | 71.30 | 68.86 |
WL | 64.19 | 64.19 | 17.24 | 16.51 |
GL | 40.19 | 40.19 | 37.81 | 36.73 |
WTL | 100.00 | 88.89 | 0.00 | 11.11 |
WT | 32.68 | 32.68 | 51.58 | 51.74 |
CL | 3.37 | 3.37 | 92.47 | 90.87 |
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Lan, Y.; Zhang, K.; Han, X.; Chen, Z.; Ling, M.; You, H.; Chen, J. The Spatiotemporal Variation in Biodiversity and Its Response to Different Future Development Scenarios: A Case Study of Guilin as an Internationally Renowned Tourist Destination in China. Appl. Sci. 2024, 14, 2101. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14052101
Lan Y, Zhang K, Han X, Chen Z, Ling M, You H, Chen J. The Spatiotemporal Variation in Biodiversity and Its Response to Different Future Development Scenarios: A Case Study of Guilin as an Internationally Renowned Tourist Destination in China. Applied Sciences. 2024; 14(5):2101. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14052101
Chicago/Turabian StyleLan, Yanping, Kaiqi Zhang, Xiaowen Han, Zizhen Chen, Ming Ling, Haotian You, and Jianjun Chen. 2024. "The Spatiotemporal Variation in Biodiversity and Its Response to Different Future Development Scenarios: A Case Study of Guilin as an Internationally Renowned Tourist Destination in China" Applied Sciences 14, no. 5: 2101. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14052101