Experimental Study on the Influence of Different Dam Body on the Sediment Interception and Discharge Capacity of the Cascade Permeable Dams
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Similarity Criterion and Parameter Calculation
2.2. Experimental Setup
2.3. Experimental Condition
3. Results
3.1. Percentage of Intercepted Sediment Mass
3.2. Relative Water Level
3.3. Water Level Difference
3.4. Permeable Coefficient
3.5. Turbidity
4. Discussion
4.1. Effect of Dam Material Particle Size on the Experimental Parameters
4.2. Effect of Dam Bodies on the Experimental Parameters
4.3. Effectiveness of Sediment Retention in Different Areas
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- Cascade permeable dams can effectively reduce the amount of sediment entering the lake. When D = 1–2 mm, the percentage of intercepted sediment mass in the Dam zone ranged from 75% to 89%, which was significantly greater than that in the Stagnant zone (≤3%) and Deposition zone (9–21%). When D = 3–5 mm, the percentage of intercepted sediment mass in the Dam zone ranged from 53% to 70%, which was also greater than that in the Stagnant zone (≤3%) and Deposition zone (29–45%), indicating that the Dam zone has a better sediment interception performance.
- (2)
- The cascade permeable dam with a small particle size has larger water level differences and weaker discharge capacity. The sediment interception rate (η) of the cascade permeable dam with a small particle size is much higher than that with a large particle size, and is positively correlated with the sediment concentration. As the upstream dam reduces the sediment supply to the subsequent dams, the η of the dams in the same group of experiments is η1 > η2 > η3 > η4, indicating that 1# dam has the best sediment interception efficiency.
- (3)
- As the pores of the dam bodies are continuously blocked by sediment particles, the permeability coefficient (k) of the dam body gradually decreases with time. The smaller the particle size of the dam material, the smaller the permeability coefficient of the dam body. The permeability coefficient of the dam body with large and small particle sizes shows a variation of Δk1 > Δk2 > Δk3 overall, indicating that the discharge capacity of the cascade permeable dam gradually decreases.
- (4)
- Both the turbidity removal rate and the intercepted sediment mass in the cascade permeable dam are positively correlated with the number of dams. For 4# dam, the lower the water level in front of the dam, the smaller the effective volume of the dam body, and the less optimistic sediment interception efficiency. The percentage of the sediment interception mass of the cascade permeable dam is only 3.6–7.7%. Therefore, in the actual engineering application, the number of dam bodies of the cascade permeable dam should be reasonably designed.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Run | D 1 (mm) | Q 1 (L/H) | C 1 (g/L) | Run | D 1 (mm) | Q 1 (L/H) | C 1 (g/L) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1–2 (Small particle size) | 300 | 1.0 | 10 | 3–5 (Large particle size) | 300 | 1.0 |
2 | 300 | 1.5 | 11 | 300 | 1.5 | ||
3 | 300 | 2.0 | 12 | 300 | 2.0 | ||
4 | 500 | 1.0 | 13 | 500 | 1.0 | ||
5 | 500 | 1.5 | 14 | 500 | 1.5 | ||
6 | 500 | 2.0 | 15 | 500 | 2.0 | ||
7 | 700 | 1.0 | 16 | 700 | 1.0 | ||
8 | 700 | 1.5 | 17 | 700 | 1.5 | ||
9 | 700 | 2.0 | 18 | 700 | 2.0 |
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Liu, J.; Zhou, H.; Pan, L.; Cai, J.; Li, N.; Wang, M. Experimental Study on the Influence of Different Dam Body on the Sediment Interception and Discharge Capacity of the Cascade Permeable Dams. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 11607. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132011607
Liu J, Zhou H, Pan L, Cai J, Li N, Wang M. Experimental Study on the Influence of Different Dam Body on the Sediment Interception and Discharge Capacity of the Cascade Permeable Dams. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(20):11607. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132011607
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Jian, Hongwei Zhou, Longyang Pan, Junyi Cai, Niannian Li, and Mingyang Wang. 2023. "Experimental Study on the Influence of Different Dam Body on the Sediment Interception and Discharge Capacity of the Cascade Permeable Dams" Applied Sciences 13, no. 20: 11607. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132011607