Hyaluronic Acid as a Mechanism to Mitigate the Effects of Face Lower Third Aging in Dentistry: A Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Non-Surgical Modalities and Various Applicabilities of HA in Dentistry
4.2. Dentists as Specialists
4.3. Pharmacodynamics of HA
4.4. Skin Aging
4.5. Skin and Lip Rejuvenation
4.6. Further Considerations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Title, Authors, (Year), Reference, and Design | Objectives | Interventions/Phenomena of Interest | Results and Conclusions |
---|---|---|---|
Title: Cosmetic Treatment Using Botulinum Toxin in the Oral and Maxillofacial Area: A Narrative Review of Esthetic Techniques Authors: Hong, S. (2023) [25] Study design: Narrative literature review | To present the different aesthetic techniques that use botulinum toxin and/or dermal fillers in the oral and maxillofacial area. | The relevant muscle and skin anatomy and physiology of the facial region are reviewed, and the various aesthetic approaches in which botulinum toxin and dermal fillers can be used are discussed. The different injection techniques used are also described. | Botulinum toxin is a safe and effective option for treating the oral and maxillofacial area. The author suggests that using botulinum toxin in combination with other procedures, e.g., dermal fillers, can produce optimal aesthetic results for patients. |
Title: Application of Non-surgical Modalities in Improving Facial Aging Authors: Li, K. et al. (2022) [26] Study design: Review | To summarize different types of minimally invasive surgery applications to improve facial aging. | A scientific literature review was conducted on the various non-surgical modalities that can be used to improve facial aging. These modalities include: (1) Botulinum toxin injected into specific facial muscles to temporarily relax them, thereby reducing the appearance of wrinkles and lines; (2) Dermal fillers such as hyaluronic acid to restore volume in areas of the face that have lost volume due to aging. The focus is on the effects of these non-surgical modalities on facial aging, including their efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action. | Non-surgical modalities such as botulinum toxin, dermal fillers, laser therapy, and thread lifting can be effective and safe options against facial aging. The authors reviewed the scientific literature on these modalities and found that they can improve facial volume, reduce the appearance of wrinkles and lines, and improve skin texture and tone. The authors also emphasized the importance of individualized treatment planning and patient selection to achieve the best results and minimize adverse effects. Overall, the article concluded that non-surgical modalities can be valuable tools for mitigating the effects of facial aging and that dentists and other healthcare professionals can play an important role in providing these treatments to their patients. |
Title: Lip Rejuvenation with Hyaluronic Acid Authors: Dantas, A. et al. (2022) [27] Study design: Case study | To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of using hyaluronic acid to improve the lips’ appearance by adding volume, reducing wrinkles, and improving lip contour. | The procedure involves administering HA injections into the lips to add volume, reduce wrinkles, and improve lip contour. The procedure for administering HA injections to the lips is described, and the various formulations of HA products available for this purpose are discussed. The potential benefits and risks of the treatment, including side effects and the need for touch-up treatments, are also described. | Hyaluronic acid injections can be an effective and safe treatment option for lip rejuvenation. These have been shown to significantly improve lip volume, contour, and appearance, with a low risk of adverse events. Overall, the article suggests that HA injections may be a valuable tool for improving lip appearance and increasing patient satisfaction with their facial appearance. |
Title: Benefit of Hyaluronic Acid to Treat Facial Aging in Completely Edentulous Patients Authors: Aubry, S. et al. (2022) [10] Study design: Review | To investigate the efficacy of hyaluronic acid in treating facial aging in fully edentulous patients. | Edentulous patients seeking dental rehabilitation at Montpellier University Hospital were involved between January 2019 and December 2020. To be eligible for the study, participants had to meet certain inclusion criteria, including being over 65 years old, having fully edentulous maxilla and mandible, visible facial wrinkles and/or skin dehydration, and good general health status. A total of 45 participants were included in the study and were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (HA injections) or the control group (placebo injections). In this study, the intervention group received HA injections in the facial region, while the control group received placebo (saline solution) injections. The phenomena of interest were changes in the severity of facial wrinkles and the degree of skin hydration, as assessed by validated measurement tools, and changes in overall facial appearance and patient satisfaction with treatment. The potential benefits of using HA as an alternative or complementary treatment to traditional dental prosthetics in improving fully edentulous patients’ oral and facial health was explored. | Hyaluronic acid (HA) injections effectively improved facial wrinkles, skin hydration, and overall appearance in fully edentulous patients. The study found that the intervention group (those who received HA injections) showed significant improvements in the severity of facial wrinkles and the degree of skin hydration compared to the control group (those who received placebo injections). In addition, the study found that HA injections were well tolerated and safe, with no serious adverse events reported. The authors conclude that HA injections may offer a safe and effective alternative or complementary treatment to traditional dental prostheses to improve fully edentulous patients’ oral and facial health. The importance of non-surgical interventions in oral and facial rehabilitation is also highlighted. |
Title: Features to consider for mimicring tissues in orofacial aesthetics with optimal balance technology and non-animal stabilized hyaluronic acid (Restylane®): The MIMT concept Authors: Rogerio, V. et al. (2020) [28] Study design: Review | To introduce a new concept in orofacial aesthetics called MIMT, which stands for “Mimicking Intraoral Mucosal Tissues”. | The use of hyaluronic acid fillers, specifically from the Restylane® range of products, in facial rejuvenation is introduced. The MIMT concept is proposed, suggesting that it is important to consider the unique characteristics of the intraoral mucosal tissues and mimic them in the treatment area to achieve natural and long-lasting results with HA fillers. The authors argue that the optimal balancing technology used in the Restylane® range of products can help achieve this goal by allowing precise and controlled injection of the filling material. | The use of HA fillers, in combination with the MIMT concept, can provide natural-looking and long-lasting results in orofacial rejuvenation. The authors propose that the optimal balancing technology used in the Restylane® product line can help achieve this goal, allowing the intervention to be precise and controlled. |
Title: Complications with the use of hyaluronic acid in facial harmonization Authors: Silva, L. et al. (2022) [29] Study design: Narrative literature review | Discuss the use of hyaluronic acid for facial harmonization, including its guidelines, techniques, and possible side effects. | Guidelines for using hyaluronic acid in various facial areas, such as cheeks, lips, and jaw, and injection techniques for achieving a more youthful and balanced facial appearance are discussed. In addition, the article highlights the possible side effects of hyaluronic acid, such as swelling, bruising, infection, and vascular hematomas. Recommendations are also provided to minimize these risks and to apply hyaluronic acid safely and effectively for facial rejuvenation and aesthetic purposes. | The filling is a procedure that requires care to avoid side effects since the patient is submitted to local analgesia and, within a short period, can resume his routine activities, only exhibiting swelling and redness in the application region that fades naturally. The mentioned facial filling with HA has proven to be a very effective and safe intervention, offering satisfying results by improving the appearance of expression lines and even by reshaping expressions inconsistent with facial harmony. |
Title: Non-invasive Facial Rejuvenation with Dermal Fillers and Neurotoxins, Public’s Preference: A Survey Report Authors: Shuai, L., Sultan, M., and Hui, L. (2021) [30] Study design: A survey report | To investigate public preference for non-invasive facial rejuvenation techniques, specifically dermal fillers with hyaluronic acid and neurotoxins, in China. | The study engaged adults aged 18 years and older residing in Zhengzhou City, China. The authors used a convenience sampling method, which involved distributing questionnaires to individuals in public places. A total of 500 individuals completed the questionnaire, including 269 women (53.8%) and 231 men (46.2%). Non-invasive facial rejuvenation techniques such as dermal fillers and neurotoxins were considered. The authors developed a questionnaire about respondents’ knowledge and experiences with non-invasive facial rejuvenation, preferred treatment techniques, and reasons. Thus, the phenomena of interest in this study include the public’s awareness and knowledge of dermal fillers and neurotoxins and their preferences for one method or the other. | It was found that 60.2% of respondents underwent non-invasive facial rejuvenation, with most of these individuals receiving dermal fillers (44.6%). The authors also found that the main reason for undergoing treatment was to improve appearance, and the most important factor influencing the treatment choice was safety. It was also found that public awareness and knowledge about non-invasive facial rejuvenation was relatively low, and most people learned about these procedures through advertising or media. |
Title: The Use of Botulinum Toxin and Dermal Fillers to Enhance Patients’ Perceived Attractiveness Authors: Tran Cao, P. (2020) [31] Study design: Perspective | To present a description of using botulinum toxin and dermal fillers to increase patient attractiveness in aesthetic dentistry. | The article explores the historical and current use of treatments in facial aesthetics, the techniques and methods of administration, possible implications for the future of aesthetic dentistry, and the role of dentists in providing these treatments. The author discusses how botulinum toxin and dermal fillers can be used to improve facial symmetry, reduce wrinkles, and improve the overall aesthetic appearance of the face. | The author concludes that using botulinum toxin and dermal fillers in cosmetic dentistry has become increasingly popular in recent years, with more dentists incorporating these treatments into their clinical practices. The author suggests that using these treatments can increase patients’ perceived attractiveness, leading to increased confidence and improved quality of life. However, the author also notes its potential risks and emphasizes the importance of proper training. He also suggests that the future of aesthetic dentistry may involve greater integration of botulinum toxin and dermal fillers into clinical practices, with dentists playing a more central role in providing these treatments. |
Title: Hyaluronic acid, a promising skin rejuvenating biomedicine: A review of recent updates and pre-clinical and clinical investigations on cosmetic and nutricosmetic effects Authors: Bukhari, S. et al. (2018) [32] Study design: Review | To provide a comprehensive review of the current wisdom on the cosmetics and nutricosmetics effects of hyaluronic acid in skin rejuvenation and highlight its potential benefits and limitations in this field. | It focuses primarily on the cosmetics and nutricosmetics effects of hyaluronic acid in skin rejuvenation. The article discusses several phenomena of interest, including the structure and properties of hyaluronic acid, the mechanisms by which it acts in skin rejuvenation, and the potential benefits of reducing wrinkles, increasing skin hydration, and improving skin elasticity. It also reviews the pre-clinical and clinical studies on using hyaluronic acid in skin rejuvenation, particularly its safety and efficacy. | Hyaluronic acid is a promising biomedical drug for skin rejuvenation and cosmetic applications. The article highlights the various benefits of hyaluronic acid in reducing wrinkles, increasing skin hydration, and improving skin elasticity, as well as its safety and tolerability. It has significant potential for skin rejuvenation and anti-aging applications. |
Title: Who is the facial specialist? Hyaluronic acid fillers: optimisation of aesthetic dentistry and patient loyalty Authors: Zupi, A. (2016) [33] Study design: Opinion | To explore the advantages of using hyaluronic acid fillers in cosmetic dentistry and how they can optimize results and build patient loyalty. | The author discusses how using hyaluronic acid fillers in cosmetic dentistry can optimize the results of cosmetic dental procedures and increase patient satisfaction and loyalty. | The author highlights the use of hyaluronic acid fillers in dentistry and the importance of being a qualified and experienced facial specialist to optimize results and patient fidelity. The author also emphasizes proper training and continuing education for practitioners interested in incorporating aesthetic treatments into their practice. |
Title: Hyaluronic acid: Perspectives in dentistry. A systematic review Authors: Casale, M. et al. (2016) [19] Study design: Systematic literature review | To evaluate the available evidence on using hyaluronic acid in different dental specialties. | Hyaluronic acid has various applications in dentistry and fields such as periodontology, endodontics, and orthodontics and identifies potential areas for future research. The authors also aim to provide practical recommendations for using HA in clinical practice based on the available evidence. | Hyaluronic acid has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and tissue-regenerating properties, making it a valuable material for use in various dental procedures. Overall, the authors suggest that hyaluronic acid may be a valuable addition to the range of dental materials and may contribute to better patient outcomes in the future. |
Title: Perioral aging—An anthropometric appraisal Authors: Raschke, G. et al. (2014) [11] Study design: Cross-sectional study | To evaluate the changes in the perioral region that occur with aging using anthropometric measurements. | A sample of 70 individuals of different ages and genders was used. The sample consisted of 35 male and 35 female subjects aged 20 to 70. The authors used inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the participants had no congenital or acquired deformities or significant facial asymmetries. Changes were assessed using anthropometric measurements, and age-related patterns of changes in perioral morphology were identified, such as the shape and position of the lips and the size and projection of the chin. | The authors found that these changes included a decrease in lip height and thickness, a decrease in chin projection, and an increase in the vertical distance between the lower lip and chin. It was also noted that these changes in perioral morphology could lead to a loss of facial harmony and contribute to aging. The authors suggested that using fillers, fat grafting, or surgical procedures could restore a youthful appearance in the perioral region. |
Title: Il ruolo dell’odontoiatra nella medicina estetica: norme e indicazioni Authors: Spatafora, F., Argo, A., and Campisi, G. (2012) [34] Study design: Communication | To discuss the role of dentists in cosmetic dentistry, with a focus on their participation in cosmetic procedures and the legal and ethical considerations related to their involvement in the field. | The regulations and guidelines that apply to dentists involved in esthetic medicine are discussed. | The article closes with a discussion of the importance of dentists keeping up to date with relevant regulations and guidelines to provide safe and effective aesthetic treatments for their patients once they have sufficient knowledge in the field. |
Title: La lutte des chirurgiens-dentistes français pour conserver le droit aux injections de produits de comblement sur la face Authors: Chaput, B., Boutault, F., Garrido, I., and Lopez, R. (2012) [35] Study design: Opinion | The authors discuss legal regulations surrounding the use of fillings by dentists in France. | The laws and regulations that regulate the use of fillings, the impact of these regulations on the practice of dentistry and the provision of aesthetic treatments, and the perspectives and experiences of dentists involved in this matter are discussed. | The authors mention that dental doctors have enough knowledge in the field to be able to provide aesthetic treatments with dermal fillers such as hyaluronic acid. |
Title: Dermal Fillers for Facial Soft Tissue Augmentation Authors: Dastoor, S. F., Misch, C. E., and Wang, H.-L. (2007) [36] Study design: Communication | To provide an overview of the use of dermal fillers for facial soft tissue augmentation, including their history, mechanism of action, types of fillers, indications, contraindications, and possible complications. | The use of dermal fillers for facial soft tissue augmentation is discussed. Dermal fillers are substances injected under the skin to add volume, fill wrinkles and fine lines, and enhance facial contours. They are often used for cosmetic purposes, such as reducing the appearance of wrinkles or restoring volume, and in the perioral area. | Dermal fillers are a safe and effective method for soft tissue augmentation, with high patient satisfaction. |
Title: Treatment Options to Optimize Display of Anterior Dental Esthetics in the Patient with the Aged Lip Authors: Perenack, J. (2005) [37] Study design: Communication | To discuss the effect of aging on lip structure and its impact on oral aesthetics, as well as provide treatment options to improve dental aesthetics in older patients. | Several treatment options for improving oral aesthetics in patients with aging lips are discussed. The interventions described in the article include lip augmentation with injectable fillers, surgical lip lifts, and maxillofacial surgery. Injectable fillers are a minimally invasive technique that can help improve the appearance of the lips and the perioral region. The use of injectable fillers to improve the appearance of nasolabial folds and marionette lines is also mentioned. | Combining several treatment options can improve oral aesthetics in patients with aging lips. The author emphasizes assessing the patient’s needs and adapting the treatment plan accordingly. |
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Martins, H.; Carpinteiro, I.; Mascarenhas, P.; Goes, M.; Oliveira, H. Hyaluronic Acid as a Mechanism to Mitigate the Effects of Face Lower Third Aging in Dentistry: A Review. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 8657. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13158657
Martins H, Carpinteiro I, Mascarenhas P, Goes M, Oliveira H. Hyaluronic Acid as a Mechanism to Mitigate the Effects of Face Lower Third Aging in Dentistry: A Review. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(15):8657. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13158657
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartins, Helena, Inês Carpinteiro, Paulo Mascarenhas, Margarida Goes, and Henrique Oliveira. 2023. "Hyaluronic Acid as a Mechanism to Mitigate the Effects of Face Lower Third Aging in Dentistry: A Review" Applied Sciences 13, no. 15: 8657. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13158657
APA StyleMartins, H., Carpinteiro, I., Mascarenhas, P., Goes, M., & Oliveira, H. (2023). Hyaluronic Acid as a Mechanism to Mitigate the Effects of Face Lower Third Aging in Dentistry: A Review. Applied Sciences, 13(15), 8657. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13158657