Influence of Ion Implantation on the Wear and Lifetime of Circular Saw Blades in Industrial Production of Wooden Door Frames
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. WC-Co Saw Blades
2.2. Nitrogen Ion Implantation
2.3. Industrial Tool Life Tests
2.4. Workpiece
2.5. Tool Wear Measurement and Tool Life Estimation
- —actual wear of a given tooth in (mm),
- —measured wear of a given tooth in (mm),
- —average value of the measured base indicator of new saw teeth in (mm).
- —relative index of tool life,
- —estimated total cutting length of ion-implanted tools in (m),
- —estimated total cutting length of non-treated tools in (m).
2.6. EDS Tests of the Tooth Surface after Machining
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Results of Modeling Nitrogen Ion Implantation
3.2. Wear and Tool Life Analysis
3.3. EDS Analysis
4. Conclusions
- The teeth of circular saw blades made of WC-Co and nitrogen ion-implanted were less worn than the non-treated teeth of circular saw blades in the industrial production of wooden door frames.
- The estimated lifetime, using the linear least squares method, of ion-implanted tools was over three times higher than the lifetime of non-treated tools.
- After tool life tests, secondary structures made of carbon were observed on the surface of ion-implanted tools.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Acceleration Voltage (kV) | Percentage Charge State Distribution (%) | |
N2+ | N+ | |
67 | 33 | |
Energy (keV) | ||
50 | 25 | 50 |
Implanted Surface | Peak Volume Dopant Concentration Nmax (cm−3) | Projected Range Rp (nm) | Range Straggling ΔRp (nm) | Skewness | Kurtosis | Sputtering Yield Y (Atoms/Ion) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
W-C-Co | 5.17 × 1022 | 31.6 | 37.8 | 0.8574 | 3.6237 | 0.49 |
(4.89 × 1022) | (31.8) | (32.4) | (0.2732) | (2.5179) | (0.48) | |
W-C | 4.98 × 1022 | 31.3 | 37.4 | 0.8597 | 3.6271 | 0.48 |
(4.93 × 1022) | (31.4) | (32) | (0.2936) | (2.5403) | (0.47) | |
Co | 4.75 × 1022 | 38.1 | 44.8 | 0.826 | 3.4617 | 0.92 |
(4.63 × 1022) | (38.4) | (36.8) | (0.1878) | (2.5197) | (0.87) |
Circular Saw Blade | Total Cutting Length (m) | Tool Wear
(mm) |
---|---|---|
Non-treated 1 | 131.62 | 0.67 |
Non-treated 2 | 104.19 | 0.45 |
Non-treated 3 | 161.32 | 0.48 |
average | 132.38 | 0.53 |
Ion-implanted 1 | 131.62 | 0.56 |
Ion-implanted 2 | 104.19 | 0.45 |
Ion-implanted 3 | 161.32 | 0.47 |
average | 132.38 | 0.49 |
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Wilkowski, J.; Barlak, M.; Kwidziński, Z.; Wilczyński, A.; Filipczuk, P.; Pędzik, M.; Drewczyński, M.; Zagórski, J.; Staszkiewicz, B.; Rogoziński, T. Influence of Ion Implantation on the Wear and Lifetime of Circular Saw Blades in Industrial Production of Wooden Door Frames. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 10211. https://doi.org/10.3390/app122010211
Wilkowski J, Barlak M, Kwidziński Z, Wilczyński A, Filipczuk P, Pędzik M, Drewczyński M, Zagórski J, Staszkiewicz B, Rogoziński T. Influence of Ion Implantation on the Wear and Lifetime of Circular Saw Blades in Industrial Production of Wooden Door Frames. Applied Sciences. 2022; 12(20):10211. https://doi.org/10.3390/app122010211
Chicago/Turabian StyleWilkowski, Jacek, Marek Barlak, Zdzisław Kwidziński, Adam Wilczyński, Piotr Filipczuk, Marta Pędzik, Marcin Drewczyński, Jerzy Zagórski, Bogdan Staszkiewicz, and Tomasz Rogoziński. 2022. "Influence of Ion Implantation on the Wear and Lifetime of Circular Saw Blades in Industrial Production of Wooden Door Frames" Applied Sciences 12, no. 20: 10211. https://doi.org/10.3390/app122010211