Effects of Running Speed on Coupling between Pantograph of High-Speed Train and Tunnel Based on Aerodynamics and Multi-Body Dynamics Coupling
Abstract
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Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Model Establishment
2.1. Multi-Body Dynamics Model
2.2. Aerodynamic Model
3. Coupling between Aerodynamics and Structural Dynamics
3.1. Coupling Principle
3.2. Coupling Method
3.3. Verification
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Time-Domain Characteristics
4.1.1. Aerodynamic Lift
4.1.2. Contact Force between Pantograph and Catenary
4.1.3. Vertical Displacement of Contact Strip
4.1.4. Vertical Acceleration of Contact Strip
4.2. Frequency-Domain Characteristics
4.3. Phase Diagram of Contact Strip
5. Conclusions
- The aerodynamic lift of the panhead does not strictly increase with the increase in running speed. However, the standard deviation and the mean value are largest at 420 km/h than at other speeds—43.33% and 156.72% higher than those at 280 km/h, respectively.
- Compared with that at 360 km/h, at 400 km/h or 420 km/h, with 280 km/h as the benchmark, the contact strip standard deviations increase by 5.91% and 6.28%, respectively, while the contact strip minimum values decrease by 29.85% and 13.32%, respectively. These changes are detrimental to the stable contact between the pantograph and catenary.
- Compared with that at 360 km/h, at 400 km/h, taking 280 km/h as the benchmark, the mean value of contact strip vertical displacement decreases by 36.36% whereas the standard deviation increases by 21.54%.
- At 360 km/h, the maximum, minimum, and standard deviation of contact strip vertical acceleration are larger than those at other speeds.
- At running speeds of 360 km/h, 400 km/h and 420 km/h, there are larger amplitudes of the contact force between the pantograph and catenary. The larger amplitudes of vertical displacement and vertical acceleration of the contact strip appear at low frequencies (e.g., around 1.75 Hz) and are not multiple frequencies of the basic frequency.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Maximum | Minimum | Mean | Standard Deviation | Mean Error | Minimum Error | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bidirectional coupling | 254.264 | 126.475 | 183.55598 | 25.55415 | −0.05% | 3.92% |
Wind loads as known loads | 255.9772 | 129.57878 | 182.58699 | 25.02823 | −0.58% | 6.47% |
No wind loads | 216.15146 | 119.43517 | 162.41813 | 21.661 | 11.56% | −11.56% |
Fitted results | 242.667 | 121.704 | 183.65 | - | - | - |
Maximum (N) | Minimum (N) | Mean (N) | Standard Deviation (N) | Standard Deviation Difference | Mean Difference | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Contact strip +support-280 | 44.2242 | −6.24535 | 21.39542 | 6.60428 | - | - |
Bracket-280 | −21.8436 | −61.0492 | −41.34639 | 8.59548 | - | - |
Panhead-280 | 7.87 | −60.6928 | −19.95097 | 12.08294 | - | - |
Contact strip +support-320 | 60.4527 | −26.5484 | 33.04816 | 7.99576 | 21.07% | 54.46% |
Bracket-320 | −23.7578 | −100.617 | −68.01941 | 13.63352 | 58.61% | 64.51% |
Panhead-320 | −1.0657 | −93.9362 | −34.97125 | 14.18627 | 17.41% | 75.29% |
Contact strip +support-360 | 67.7074 | −25.5528 | 33.75717 | 9.68588 | 46.66% | 57.78% |
Bracket-360 | −43.6264 | −111.306 | −81.01173 | 12.59806 | 46.57% | 95.93% |
Panhead-360 | 2.8301 | −110.0323 | −47.25456 | 13.16243 | 8.93% | 136.85% |
Contact strip +support-400 | 92.6164 | 13.3197 | 52.56508 | 10.52163 | 37.23% | 145.68% |
Bracket-400 | −49.2168 | −116.733 | −81.84115 | 12.75881 | 48.44% | 97.79% |
Panhead-400 | 7.1519 | −76.2796 | −29.27607 | 12.59056 | 4.20% | 46.74% |
Contact strip +support-420 | 102.565 | 10.0293 | 58.27943 | 12.97636 | 96.48% | 172.39% |
Bracket-420 | −50.0785 | −152.777 | −109.49819 | 16.78258 | 95.25% | 164.83% |
Panhead-420 | 18.2573 | −96.3173 | −51.21876 | 17.33287 | 43.33% | 156.72% |
Maximum (N) | Minimum (N) | Mean (N) | Standard Deviation (N) | Standard Deviation Difference | Mean Difference | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
280 km/h | 259.666 | 117.859 | 178.09312 | 26.84069 | - | - |
320 km/h | 264.556 | 122.616 | 184.08905 | 26.12482 | −2.67% | 3.37% |
360 km/h | 293.885 | 127.550 | 196.55243 | 28.08317 | 4.63% | 10.36% |
400 km/h | 290.781 | 92.366 | 173.37707 | 29.66925 | 10.54% | −2.65% |
420 km/h | 292.640 | 110.554 | 186.40273 | 29.76878 | 10.91% | 4.67% |
Maximum (m) | Minimum (m) | Mean (m) | Standard Deviation (m) | Standard Deviation Difference | Mean Difference | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
280 km/h | 0.01982 | 0.00383 | 0.01092 | 0.00246 | - | - |
320 km/h | 0.01947 | 0.00282 | 0.01252 | 0.00276 | 12.20% | 14.65% |
360 km/h | 0.0265 | 0.00469 | 0.01468 | 0.00331 | 34.55% | 34.43% |
400 km/h | 0.02477 | 0.00208 | 0.01071 | 0.00384 | 56.10% | −1.92% |
420 km/h | 0.02498 | 0.00398 | 0.01293 | 0.00387 | 57.32% | 18.41% |
Maximum (m/s2) | Minimum (m/s2) | Mean (m/s2) | Standard Deviation (m/s2) | Standard Deviation Difference | Minimum Difference | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
280 km/h | 10.6145 | −7.42214 | −0.2054 | 2.51441 | - | - |
320 km/h | 10.243 | −11.7679 | 0.01795 | 2.6966 | 7.25% | 58.55% |
360 km/h | 12.1125 | −15.0945 | 0.0103 | 3.10342 | 23.43% | 103.37% |
400 km/h | 10.3612 | −8.02659 | 0.04289 | 2.75807 | 9.69% | 8.14% |
420 km/h | 10.0105 | −8.3469 | 0.02085 | 2.9433 | 17.06% | 12.46% |
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Ji, Z.; Guo, Y.; Guo, D.; Yang, G.; Liu, Y. Effects of Running Speed on Coupling between Pantograph of High-Speed Train and Tunnel Based on Aerodynamics and Multi-Body Dynamics Coupling. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 10008. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110008
Ji Z, Guo Y, Guo D, Yang G, Liu Y. Effects of Running Speed on Coupling between Pantograph of High-Speed Train and Tunnel Based on Aerodynamics and Multi-Body Dynamics Coupling. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(21):10008. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110008
Chicago/Turabian StyleJi, Zhanling, Yi Guo, Dilong Guo, Guowei Yang, and Yubiao Liu. 2021. "Effects of Running Speed on Coupling between Pantograph of High-Speed Train and Tunnel Based on Aerodynamics and Multi-Body Dynamics Coupling" Applied Sciences 11, no. 21: 10008. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110008
APA StyleJi, Z., Guo, Y., Guo, D., Yang, G., & Liu, Y. (2021). Effects of Running Speed on Coupling between Pantograph of High-Speed Train and Tunnel Based on Aerodynamics and Multi-Body Dynamics Coupling. Applied Sciences, 11(21), 10008. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110008