Study on a New Type of Composite Powder Explosion Inhibitor Used to Suppress Underground Coal Dust Explosion
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Modification of Industrial Solid Wastes
- (1)
- Into 100 mL deionized water, 30 g CN was added. To this, 6 mol/L HCl was added dropwise, and the metal salt solution was obtained by stirring at 90 °C for 1.5 h with a magnetic stirrer.
- (2)
- Ammonia water was added to the metal salt solution to the pH value of 7.8; then, 150 mL of Absolute ethanol (C2H6O) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 1 h.
- (3)
- After the substance in the solution was precipitated, it was washed and filtered with non-ionic water using a vacuum pump. The filtered mud was dried in vacuum drying oven for 24 h, and the modified red mud (MRM) with particle size less than 75 μm was obtained by grinding with ball mill.
2.2. Compounding Process of Industrial Solid-Waste Based Composite Powder Explosion Inhibitors
- (1)
- All three active powder inhibitors decompose thermally under heating conditions and absorb large amounts of heat in the explosive environment, thereby suppressing explosion by thermolysis endothermic cooling.
- (2)
- The Al2O3 from thermal decomposition of Al(OH)3 can attach to exploding particles during explosion suppression, thereby isolating thermodynamic activity.
- (3)
- All three inhibitors can decompose thermally to generate gases or vapors such as CO2, P2O5 and H2O. The reaction product can dilute the volatile gases and oxygen, thereby inhibiting explosion.
- (4)
- All three inhibitors contain substances that can reduce the activity of free radicals (e.g., O, OH, HCO· and OHP·), which participate in the explosion reaction, thereby inhibiting the combustion–explosion reaction rate.
3. Result and Discussion
3.1. Suppression Effect of Industrial Solid Waste-Based Composite Powder Explosion Inhibitors on Coal Dust Explosion
3.2. Cost of Industrial Solid Waste-Based Composite Powder Explosion Inhibitors
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Substance | Fe2O3 | Al2O3 | SiO2 | CaO | TiO2 | Na2O | MgO | Cl |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Red mud | 33.3 | 18.2 | 15.3 | 16.3 | 6.73 | 8.19 | 0.30 | 0 |
Slag | 12.7 | 26.3 | 41.2 | 7.17 | 6.73 | 1.20 | 2.35 | 3.22 |
Fly ash | 16.923 | 13.834 | 2.69 | 11.7 | 1.22 | 5.6 | 1.88 | 22.6 |
Sludge | 36.8 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 2.89 | 0.68 | 5.72 | 1.01 | 0 |
Solvent Solute | Deionized Water | Ethanol | Decomposition Temperature | Preparation Method | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WCSC | DCBM | DCAI | ||||
NaHCO3 | 9.6 | Insoluble | 50 °C | √ | √ | √ |
KH2PO4 | 22.6 | Insoluble | 252.6 °C | √ | √ | √ |
Al(OH)3 | Insoluble | Insoluble | 298 °C | — | √ | √ |
Sample | BET (m2/g) | Pore Volume (cm3/g) |
---|---|---|
MSA | 567.6321 | 0.416673 |
WCSC-MSA-NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | 68.4097 | 0.198494 |
WCSC-MSA-KH2PO4 composite powder explosion inhibitor | 55.9697 | 0.149462 |
DCBM-MSA-Al(OH)3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | 115.2649 | 0.166799 |
Carrier | Process Name | Suppressor Name |
---|---|---|
Modified red mud | Red mud-based NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MCN-NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor |
Red mud-based KH2PO4 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MCN-KH2PO4 composite powder explosion inhibitor | |
Red mud-based Al(OH)3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MCN-Al(OH)3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | |
Modified slag | Slag-based NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MSA-NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor |
Slag-based KH2PO4 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MSA-KH2PO4 composite powder explosion inhibitor | |
Slag-based Al(OH)3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MSA-Al(OH)3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | |
Modified fly ash | Fly ash-based NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MFA-NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor |
Fly ash-based KH2PO4 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MFA-KH2PO4 composite powder explosion inhibitor | |
Fly ash-based NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MFA-Al(OH)3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | |
Modified sludge | Sludge-based NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MSU-NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor |
Sludge-based KH2PO4 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MSU-KH2PO4 composite powder explosion inhibitor | |
Sludge-based NaHCO3 composite powder explosion inhibitor | MSU-Al(OH)3 composite powder explosion inhibitor |
Consumable | Average Consumption | Unit Price (RMB) | Mass or Volume | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Average consumption of 1 kg of modified solid waste | Absolute ethanol (C2H6O) | 0.3 L | 5 | 500 mL |
Distilled water | 4 L | 10 | 40 L | |
Ammonia water | 0.4 L | 7 | 500 mL | |
Hydrochloric acid | 0.1 L | 10 | 500 mL | |
The average amount of consumables used in the preparation of 1 kg of industrial solid waste based composite powder explosion inhibitors | C2H6O | 0.3 L | 5 | 500 mL |
Distilled water | 6 L | 10 | 40 L | |
NaHCO3 | 0.5 kg | 6 | 500 g | |
KH2PO4 | 0.5 kg | 10 | 500 g | |
Al(OH)3 | 0.5 kg | 8 | 500 g |
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Liu, B.; Zhang, Y.; Xu, K.; Zhang, Y.; Hao, Z.; Ma, N. Study on a New Type of Composite Powder Explosion Inhibitor Used to Suppress Underground Coal Dust Explosion. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 8512. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188512
Liu B, Zhang Y, Xu K, Zhang Y, Hao Z, Ma N. Study on a New Type of Composite Powder Explosion Inhibitor Used to Suppress Underground Coal Dust Explosion. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(18):8512. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188512
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Bo, Yuyuan Zhang, Kaili Xu, Yansong Zhang, Zheng Hao, and Ning Ma. 2021. "Study on a New Type of Composite Powder Explosion Inhibitor Used to Suppress Underground Coal Dust Explosion" Applied Sciences 11, no. 18: 8512. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188512
APA StyleLiu, B., Zhang, Y., Xu, K., Zhang, Y., Hao, Z., & Ma, N. (2021). Study on a New Type of Composite Powder Explosion Inhibitor Used to Suppress Underground Coal Dust Explosion. Applied Sciences, 11(18), 8512. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188512