A Systematic Review of Technologies, Control Methods, and Optimization for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

This paper is an EREV-related review paper, and it can be said that the summary and comparison of each technology element are well written. In addition, it is recommended to analyze the representative end-products or manufacturers by technology element in recent years, and what is the market share for each technology.

Author Response

Dear reviewer

Thank you for your valuable review. All the corrections have been addressed, and the article has been substantially improved because of them.

We now present to you our answers to each of your observations and the implemented improvements:

Review: This paper is an EREV-related review paper, and it can be said that the summary and comparison of each technology element are well written. In addition, it is recommended to analyze the representative end-products or manufacturers by technology element in recent years, and what is the market share for each technology.

Answer

“Many OEMs have integrated some of the ER technologies into mass production vehicles. Companies such as Chevrolet with its Volt model [73], BMW with its I3 and I3Rex models [74,75], and Honda with its Clarity model[116] have incorporated ICE as range extenders. Brands such as Toyota with its Mirai model [81], and Hyundai with its Nexo model [82], have incorporated fuel cells as range extenders in light vehicles, NIKOLA MOTORS has included fuel cells in trucks obtaining autonomy around 1500 km [83]. Mazda incorporated a rotary engine in its model Mazda2 [87] and plans to incorporate the same technology in SUVs in the future. The Heavy Duty Truck OEM MACK is using an MGT to extend the range of their vehicles. In its Karma model, Fisker placed photovoltaic cells on the entire roof of the vehicle to recover energy. It is worth mentioning that regenerative braking is used in almost all mass-produced light EVs and even in trucks such as the MACk LR model with a power output of 780kW [117]. The market share of hybrids vehicles with alternative energy represents 0.7% of the total sales of all cars marketed until the middle of 2021 and considering that up to the end of 2020, sales were 0.6% in North America. Referring to EVs with ICE to extend their range, Honda’s Clarity and Chevrolet’s Volt have a market share of 4% and 0.1%. Furthermore, concerning EVs with fuel cells to extend the range, there is Toyota’s Mirai model and Hyundai’s Nexo model with 3.1% and 0.3%, respectively [118,119].”

The above text is located between lines 265-283 on the manuscript.

Thank you for let us notice that the systems are relevant not just technically but also by the market share. It can make a difference when making a decision when designing a new car, especially for business, cost reduction, and future perspectives.

In addition, we review carefully the English style and misspelling errors that could affect the quality of the manuscript.

We, all the authors, thank you for your thoughtful review.

Reviewer 2 Report

This paper well-organizes the current state of technological development related to EREV based on appropriate literature reviews, and organizes it as the process for designing EREV, and provides very useful information for future EREV development.

There is no necessary to have any revision.

Author Response

Dear reviewer

Thank you for your valuable review.

Review: This paper well-organizes the current state of technological development related to EREV based on appropriate literature reviews, and organizes it as the process for designing EREV, and provides very useful information for future EREV development.

There is no necessary to have any revision.

Answer:

We review carefully the English style and misspelling errors that could affect the quality of the manuscript.

We, all the authors, thank you for your thoughtful review and comments.

Reviewer 3 Report

This paper is very well organized to review the history and state-of-the-art in extended range of the pure electric vehicle. One minor remedy the reviewer suggest is the control part. Since the model predictive control and connected vehicle technology-based EV energy management strategy has been proposed by many researchers, authors can add the reference, such as, 

Han, K., Nguyen, T.W. and Nam, K., 2020. Battery Energy Management of Autonomous Electric Vehicles Using Computationally Inexpensive Model Predictive Control. Electronics, 9(8), p.1277.

Author Response

Dear reviewer

Thank you for your valuable review. All the corrections have been addressed, and the article has been substantially improved because of them.

We now present to you our answers to each of your observations and the implemented improvements:

Review: This paper is very well organized to review the history and state-of-the-art in extended range of the pure electric vehicle. One minor remedy the reviewer suggest is the control part. Since the model predictive control and connected vehicle technology-based EV energy management strategy has been proposed by many researchers, authors can add the reference, such as, 

Han, K., Nguyen, T.W. and Nam, K., 2020. Battery Energy Management of Autonomous Electric Vehicles Using Computationally Inexpensive Model Predictive Control. Electronics, 9(8), p.1277.

Answer:

In our list of control methods is now included the Model Predictive Control as part of the possible technics to be used in energy management to extend range of the vehicle. We thank your observation since we didn’t find in the past that technique to extend range. They are novel methods in the area very recently published, so, now they are incorporated in these review.

The use of telecom to extend the range of EVs is quite out of the scope of our work since the few works, we found are more simulations or doesn’t seem to have significant improvement to increase the mileage of the vehicle we decided to keep that topic out of this review. However, it’s a good opportunity to look for new developments in that area.

-->The addition of some reference was done at final of Table 2 in page 16.

In addition, we review carefully the English style and misspelling errors that could affect the quality of the manuscript.

We, all the authors, thank you for your thoughtful review.