Broad Frequency Shift of Parametric Processes in Epsilon-Near-Zero Time-Varying Media
by
Vincenzo Bruno 1
, Stefano Vezzoli 2, Clayton DeVault 3,4, Enrico Carnemolla 5, Marcello Ferrera 5, Alexandra Boltasseva 3,4, Vladimir M. Shalaev 3,4, Daniele Faccio 1,* and Matteo Clerici 6,*
Vincenzo Bruno 1, Stefano Vezzoli 2, Clayton DeVault 3,4, Enrico Carnemolla 5, Marcello Ferrera 5, Alexandra Boltasseva 3,4, Vladimir M. Shalaev 3,4, Daniele Faccio 1,* and Matteo Clerici 6,*
1
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
2
The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK
3
Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, 1205 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
4
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, 1205 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
5
Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
6
School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(4), 1318; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10041318
Received: 29 November 2019 / Revised: 24 January 2020 / Accepted: 10 February 2020 / Published: 15 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrafast Nonlinear Properties of Near-Zero Index Media and Metamaterials Out of Equilibrium)
The ultrafast changes of material properties induced by short laser pulses can lead to a frequency shift of reflected and transmitted radiation. Recent reports highlight how such a frequency shift is enhanced in spectral regions where the material features a near-zero real part of the permittivity. Here, we investigate the frequency shift for fields generated by four-wave mixing. In our experiment, we observed a frequency shift of more than 60 nm (compared to the pulse width of ∼40 nm) in the phase conjugated radiation generated by a 500 nm aluminium-doped zinc oxide (AZO) film pumped close to the epsilon-near-zero wavelength. Our results indicate applications of time-varying media for nonlinear optics and frequency conversion.
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Keywords:
epsilon-near-zero media; four-wave mixing; frequency shift; transparent conductive oxides; optical Kerr nonlinearities; time-varying media
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MDPI and ACS Style
Bruno, V.; Vezzoli, S.; DeVault, C.; Carnemolla, E.; Ferrera, M.; Boltasseva, A.; Shalaev, V.M.; Faccio, D.; Clerici, M. Broad Frequency Shift of Parametric Processes in Epsilon-Near-Zero Time-Varying Media. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 1318.
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