Analysis of Flow Characteristic of Transonic Tandem Rotor Airfoil and Its Optimization
Abstract
:Featured Application
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Numerical Simulation Method
2.1. Geometric and Aerodynamic Parameters
2.2. Geometric Model Setup
2.3. Computational Grid
2.4. Boundary Condition
- Unique Incidence
- Positive Incidence
3. Analysis of Aerodynamic Characteristics of the Basic Tandem Blade
3.1. Flow Characteristic of Basic Tandem Blade Overview
3.2. Loss Mechanism of the Tandem Blade in Typical Operating Conditions
- DE point
- NS point
4. Optimal Design of the Tandem Blades
4.1. The Optimization Procedure
4.1.1. Adjustment to Reduce the Loss at the DE Point
- FB
- AB
4.1.2. Adjustment to Increase the Incidence Range
- FB
- AB
4.2. Comparison of the Geometries Between Basic and Optimization Scheme
- Solidity ratio (σFB/σAB)—the solidity ratio was decreased from 1.6:1 to 1:1 to achieve a higher incidence range and the total equivalent chord length remained constant;
- FB camber line distribution—the camber before the 60% chord length was increased to suppress the shock intensity near the FB pressure side;
- AB camber line distribution—the camber before the 40% chord length was decreased to suppress the shock intensity on the AB suction side;
- AB inlet metal angle—the AB inlet metal angle was decreased by 1.5° to adapt to the FB outflow direction.
4.3. Comparison of the Blade Performance between the Basic and Optimization Scheme
5. Conclusions
- With an inflow Mach number of 1.2, the total pressure loss is difficult to control because of the complicated flow structures at the DE point; there is an obvious double-shock wave structure located rearward in the FB passage and a normal shock on the AB suction side. The complicated shock waves cause a strong interaction between FB and AB, and a different optimization strategy compared to conventional blade.
- The FB loss dominates the overall loss in all of the operating conditions. It exceeds 50% of the total loss at the DE point, and accounts for more than 80% at the NS point. Therefore, the optimization aiming at FB is of decisive significance to improve the blade performance.
- The conventional supersonic airfoil is not the optimum choice for the supersonic tandem blade due to the aerodynamic interaction between FB and AB. In this paper, the tandem blade was optimized considering this aerodynamic interaction by controlling the FB passage shock intensity near the pressure side, the AB shock intensity near the suction side, and the AB incidence. The numerical simulation results of the optimization scheme show that the total pressure loss declines by 20% at the DE point and the incidence range increases by about 0.5°.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Abbreviation | Explanation |
---|---|
FB | Forward blade |
AB | Aft blade |
LE | Leading edge |
TE | Trailing edge |
PS | Pressure side |
SS | Suction side |
DE | Design point |
NS | Near stall point |
S | Pitch [mm] |
C | Chord [mm] |
σ | Solidity |
t | Pitch space between FB TE and AB LE [mm] |
P11 | Static pressure at FB inlet [Pa] |
P22 | Static pressure at AB outlet [Pa] |
Pt11 | Total pressure at FB inlet [Pa] |
Pt12 | Total pressure at FB outlet [Pa] |
Pt11 | Total pressure at AB inlet [Pa] |
Pt12 | Total pressure at AB outlet [Pa] |
Greek Symbols | Explanation |
---|---|
ωTotal | Total pressure loss of tandem blade, |
ωFB | Total pressure loss coefficient of FB, |
PsR | Static pressure ratio of tandem blade, |
β11 | FB inflow angle relative to axial coordinate |
β21 | AB inflow angle relative to axial coordinate |
κ11 | FB metal angle relative to axial coordinate |
κ21 | AB metal angle relative to axial coordinate |
i | Incidence of tandem blade, β11-κ11 |
iAB | Incidence of AB, β21-κ21 |
FB | AB | Tandem | |
---|---|---|---|
S (mm) | 72.6 | 72.6 | 78.1 |
C (mm) | 97.4 | 61.4 | 186.6 |
Inlet Metal Angle (°) | 66.2 | 57.1 | - |
Outlet Metal Angle (°) | 62.4 | 35.4 | - |
Installation Angle (°) | 62.1 | 51.3 | 45.8 |
Solidity | 1.34 | 0.87 | 2.39 |
AO | - | - | −0.15 |
PP | - | - | 0.38 |
Case1 | Case2 | Case3 | Case4 | Case5 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of grids (× 103) | 330 | 405 | 470 | 530 | 590 |
ωTotal | 0.2068 | 0.2122 | 0.2148 | 0.2151 | 0.2150 |
Incidence range (°) | 1.9490 | 1.9408 | 1.9366 | 1.9362 | 1.9363 |
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Tao, Y.; Wu, Y.; Yu, X.; Liu, B. Analysis of Flow Characteristic of Transonic Tandem Rotor Airfoil and Its Optimization. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 5569. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10165569
Tao Y, Wu Y, Yu X, Liu B. Analysis of Flow Characteristic of Transonic Tandem Rotor Airfoil and Its Optimization. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10(16):5569. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10165569
Chicago/Turabian StyleTao, Yuan, Yifei Wu, Xianjun Yu, and Baojie Liu. 2020. "Analysis of Flow Characteristic of Transonic Tandem Rotor Airfoil and Its Optimization" Applied Sciences 10, no. 16: 5569. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10165569
APA StyleTao, Y., Wu, Y., Yu, X., & Liu, B. (2020). Analysis of Flow Characteristic of Transonic Tandem Rotor Airfoil and Its Optimization. Applied Sciences, 10(16), 5569. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10165569