Design and Simulation Analysis of a New Type of Assembled UHPC Collision Avoidance
Abstract
:Featured Application
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Device Construction Design and Finite Element Modeling
2.1. Device Construction Design
2.1.1. Design of No.1 Box
2.1.2. Design of No.2 Box
2.1.3. Design and Construction of No.3 Box
2.2. Finite Element Modeling
2.2.1. Finite Element Modeling of UHPC Collision Avoidance Device
2.2.2. Finite Element Modeling of Piers
2.2.3. Ship Finite Element Modeling
2.2.4. Contact Definition
3. Performance Analysis of Design Parameters
3.1. Analysis of Material Properties of Internal Support Elements of Floating Tank
3.2. Performance Analysis of UHPC Floating Tank Wall Thickness Parameters
3.3. Performance Analysis of UHPC Tank Wall Reinforcement Ratio Parameters
4. Research on Performance of Collision Avoidance Device under Optimal Parameters
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
- (1)
- The new type of assembled UHPC collision avoidance device proposed in this paper consists of three types of modular collision avoidance floating boxes and intermittent rubber sliders. Each collision avoidance floating box is composed of rubber drums, rubber damper material, a double-layer, double-direction, densely reinforced, and super high-performance concrete shell structure, and steel supporting elements. This device can take full advantage of its plastic deformation, strong energy absorption, excellent corrosion resistance and durability, modular production and assembly, high efficiency of on-site installation, convenient replacement of damaged floating boxes, and low maintenance cost.
- (2)
- The newly assembled UHPC collision avoidance device can significantly reduce the maximum impact force and extend the impact duration of the pier in a ship–bridge collision. For the forward collision conditions, which occur frequently and result in serious damage in engineering practice, the peak impact force acting on the pier can be reduced by 41.8%, the impact duration can be extended by 100.0%, and the damage deformation energy to the bow can be reduced by 34.6%. The collision avoidance device can protect bridge piers and ships efficiently.
- (3)
- The damage to and deformation of the collision avoidance device itself is mainly concentrated in any of the floating boxes directly impacted by the ship, the rubber drums on the external side of the floating boxes, and the rubber sliders on the internal side. The other, not directly impacted, floating boxes will not undergo damage or deformation.
- (4)
- The new collision avoidance device has good collision avoidance and energy dissipation performance, which mainly comes from the UHPC floating boxes that have double-layer two-way dense reinforcement and the internal steel supporting elements. The floating box wall can take full advantage of its strength to improve the overall strength of the device. The internal supporting elements fully absorb the impact kinetic energy by elastic-plastic deformation and buckling. The discontinuous rubber sliders on the internal side of the collision avoidance device can improve the hard contact environment between the device and the pier, and significantly reduce the peak impact force of the pier.
- (5)
- Because of its reasonable design and layout, the internal steel support has a high flexibility and viscous energy dissipation response during the impact process of 5000 DWT ships, so it can be used as a flexible energy dissipation and impact resistance component, especially under impact conditions, and has good economic application prospects.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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r (kg/m3) | G(GPa) | A | B | C | N | fc(MPa) | T(MPa) | ε0 | EFMIN |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2487 | 20.42 | 0.78 | 1.67 | 0.0076 | 0.39 | 141.01 | 12.38 | 1.0 | 0.0158 |
SMAX | Pc(MPa) | µc | P1(GPa) | µ1 | D1 | D2 | K1(GPa) | K2(GPa) | K3(GPa) |
3.7 | 47.0 | 1.726 × 10−3 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.069 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 135 | 698 |
Material Property | LS-DYNA Parameter | Values |
---|---|---|
Mass density | RO | 2500 kg·m−3 |
Initial shear modulus | G | 11 GPa |
Initial bulk modulus, K. | BULK | 14 GPa |
Failure envelope parameter, α | ALPHA | 2.7 × 107 |
Failure envelope linear coefficient, θ. | THETA | 0.11 |
Failure envelope exponential coefficient, γ | GAMMA | 8 × 106 |
Failure envelope exponent, β | BETA | 1.4 × 10−7 |
Cap, surface axis ratio. | R | 4.43 |
Hardening law exponent. | D | 4.6 × 10−10 |
Hardening law coefficient | W | 0.42 |
Hardening law exponent | X 0 | 1.1 × 108 |
Type | Bow | Water Separator | The Adjustment Tank | Side Wall Standard Box | Rubber Material | Pier |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bow | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Water separator | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 |
The adjustment tank | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 |
Side wall standard Box | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 |
Steel bar | 3 | — | — | — | — | 3 |
Rubber Material | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
Impact Angle | Collision Case without Device | Collision Case with Device | 1-PNc/PN | TNc/TN-1 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Highway Bridge Code Ph/MN | Railway Bridge Code Pr/MN | AASHTO PA/MN | Eurocode PE/MN | Peak Impact Fore PN(MN) | Time Duration TN(s) | Peak Impact Fore PNc(MN) | Time Duration TNc(s) | |||
0° | 34.23 | 17.38 | 42.43 | 50.66 | 35.30 | 1.25 | 20.55 | 2.50 | 41.8% | 100.0% |
15° | - | - | - | - | 28.24 | 0.48 | 2.44 | 1.38 | 91.4% | 187.5% |
30° | - | - | - | - | 33.99 | 1.20 | 19.90 | 2.30 | 41.5% | 91.7% |
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Zhou, L.; Li, H.; Wei, J.; Pu, X.; Mahunon, A.D.; Jiang, L. Design and Simulation Analysis of a New Type of Assembled UHPC Collision Avoidance. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 4555. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10134555
Zhou L, Li H, Wei J, Pu X, Mahunon AD, Jiang L. Design and Simulation Analysis of a New Type of Assembled UHPC Collision Avoidance. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10(13):4555. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10134555
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou, Lingyu, Huayong Li, Jun Wei, Xingxu Pu, Akim D. Mahunon, and Liqiang Jiang. 2020. "Design and Simulation Analysis of a New Type of Assembled UHPC Collision Avoidance" Applied Sciences 10, no. 13: 4555. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10134555
APA StyleZhou, L., Li, H., Wei, J., Pu, X., Mahunon, A. D., & Jiang, L. (2020). Design and Simulation Analysis of a New Type of Assembled UHPC Collision Avoidance. Applied Sciences, 10(13), 4555. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10134555