Temporal and Spatial Study of Water Quality and Trophic Evaluation of a Large Tropical Reservoir
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Water Quality
2.3. Statistical Analysis
2.4. Trophic Status
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Hydrological Conditions
3.2. Temporal and Spatial Variations of Water Quality in the ALM Reservoir
3.3. Spatial Classification of Parameters by Probabilistic Neural Network
3.4. Trophic Status of the Reservoir
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Units | n | Average | Standard Deviation | Variation Coefficient | Minimum | Maximum | ANOVA | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reason-F | Value-P | ||||||||
Temperature | °C | 9360 | 19.858 | 4.897 | 24.6% | 10.6 | 28.5 | 0.78 | 0.76 |
Precipitation | mm | 9360 | 2.477 | 3.615 | 145.9% | 0 | 18 | 0.28 | 0.99 |
Evaporation | mm | 9360 | 5.588 | 2.084 | 37.3% | 2.1 | 10.6 | 0.54 | 0.96 |
Parameter | Units | n | Average | SD | Variation Coefficient | Minimum | Maximum | ANOVA | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reason-F | Value-P | ||||||||
pH | unitless | 20 | 7.704 | 0.443 | 5.757% | 7.07 | 8.4 | 0.08 | 0.9704 |
DO | mg/L | 20 | 7.33 | 2.210 | 30.139% | 3.81 | 10.4 | 0.07 | 0.9759 |
Turbidity | NTU | 20 | 3.4675 | 5.1537 | 148.63% | 0.88 | 22.0 | 0.80 | 0.5150 |
EC | µS/cm | 20 | 160.46 | 29.707 | 18.502% | 127.0 | 257.0 | 1.70 | 0.2200 |
TSS | mg/L | 20 | 9.612 | 5.447 | 56.671% | 5.0 | 20.00 | 0.73 | 0.5528 |
BOD | mg/L | 20 | 5.442 | 2.849 | 52.356% | 2.0 | 9.7 | 0.06 | 0.9770 |
COD | mg/L | 20 | 28.325 | 14.746 | 52.061% | 14.4 | 54.4 | 0.05 | 0.9855 |
TN | mg/L | 20 | 0.4466 | 0.1647 | 36.876% | 0.1154 | 0.7576 | 0.85 | 0.4913 |
TP | mg/L | 20 | 0.0782 | 0.0376 | 48.140% | 0.04 | 0.1618 | 0.77 | 0.5323 |
FC | MPN/100 mL | 20 | 765.25 | 1210.02 | 158.12% | 1.0 | 3255.0 | 0.01 | 0.9991 |
Parameter | Units | n | Average | SD | Variation Coefficient | Minimum | Maximum | ANOVA | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reason-F | Value-P | ||||||||
pH | unitless | 20 | 7.821 | 0.377 | 4.82% | 7.28 | 8.7 | 0.11 | 0.9553 |
DO | mg/L | 20 | 6.373 | 2.216 | 34.77% | 2.93 | 9.6 | 0.22 | 0.8839 |
Turbidity | NTU | 20 | 8.825 | 17.829 | 202.032% | 1.0 | 74.0 | 0.46 | 0.7118 |
EC | µS/cm | 20 | 171.41 | 42.530 | 24.811% | 110.0 | 245.0 | 0.02 | 0.9948 |
TSS | mg/L | 20 | 10.2835 | 5.708 | 55.5152% | 5.0 | 20.67 | 0.54 | 0.6633 |
BOD | mg/L | 20 | 4.3625 | 1.984 | 45.484% | 2.0 | 7.16 | 0.19 | 0.9002 |
COD | mg/L | 20 | 22.091 | 8.959 | 40.555% | 10.66 | 43.85 | 0.41 | 0.7511 |
TN | mg/L | 20 | 0.7441 | 0.2398 | 32.223% | 0.2835 | 1.1491 | 0.13 | 0.9387 |
TP | mg/L | 20 | 0.1554 | 0.1598 | 102.815% | 0.0541 | 0.5232 | 0.05 | 0.9845 |
FC | MPN/100mL | 20 | 457.56 | 692.81 | 151.41% | 20.0 | 2143.0 | 0.41 | 0.7488 |
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Quevedo-Castro, A.; Bandala, E.R.; Rangel-Peraza, J.G.; Amábilis-Sosa, L.E.; Sanhouse-García, A.; Bustos-Terrones, Y.A. Temporal and Spatial Study of Water Quality and Trophic Evaluation of a Large Tropical Reservoir. Environments 2019, 6, 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6060061
Quevedo-Castro A, Bandala ER, Rangel-Peraza JG, Amábilis-Sosa LE, Sanhouse-García A, Bustos-Terrones YA. Temporal and Spatial Study of Water Quality and Trophic Evaluation of a Large Tropical Reservoir. Environments. 2019; 6(6):61. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6060061
Chicago/Turabian StyleQuevedo-Castro, Alberto, Erick R. Bandala, Jesús G. Rangel-Peraza, Leonel E. Amábilis-Sosa, Antonio Sanhouse-García, and Yaneth A. Bustos-Terrones. 2019. "Temporal and Spatial Study of Water Quality and Trophic Evaluation of a Large Tropical Reservoir" Environments 6, no. 6: 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6060061