Fusiform Correlates of Facial Memory in Autism
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Facial Processing and Memory as a Deficit in Autism
1.2. Neuroanatomical Correlates of Facial Processing and Memory
2. Method
2.1. Ascertainment
2.2. Subject Groups
2.3. Idiopathic Autism Sample
2.4. Control Sample
2.5. IQ
2.6. Head Circumference and Handedness
2.7. Neuroimaging
2.8. Volumetric Image Analysis
2.8.1. Memory
2.8.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sample Characteristics
ASD (n = 56) | Typically-developing (n = 31) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Range | Mean | SD | Range | t | p | |
Age in years | 12.00 | 4.37 | 5.00–19.75 | 11.98 | 4.01 | 5.25–19.33 | 0.02 | 0.98 |
Head Circumference (cm) | 54.71 | 5.81 | 50.70–60.50 | 55.34 | 2.13 | 51.80–60.50 | –0.00 | 0.99 |
Total Intracranial Volume (TICV,cm3) | 1672.32 | 157.84 | 1268.66–2063.84 | 1675.94 | 176.45 | 1399.97–2171.21 | 0.10 | 0.92 |
Handedness Inventory | 61.45 | 54.78 | –100–100 | 65.28 | 44.97 | –80–100 | 0.01 | 0.99 |
Wechsler FIQ | 98.26 | 16.63 | 61–137 | 115.24 | 15.57 | 87–152 | 4.53 ** | < 0.001 |
Wechsler PIQ | 102.41 | 16.00 | 66–138 | 116.13 | 15.46 | 90–155 | 3.88 ** | < 0.001 |
Wechsler VIQ | 95.57 | 20.92 | 55–145 | 110.94 | 16.14 | 74–140 | 3.54 ** | < 0.001 |
3.2. Facial Memory Performance in Autism and Controls
Measure | Mean (SD) ASD n = 56 | Mean (SD) TDC n = 31 | F | p | ρη2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Facial Memory | 7.29 (2.36) | 10.52 (2.53) | 32.76 | < 0.001 | 0.28 |
Facial Memory Delayed | 7.64 (2.73) | 9.83 (2.17) | 14.32 | < 0.001 | 0.15 |
Object Recall | 5.98 (3.45) | 9.37 (2.70) | 21.57 | < 0.001 | 0.21 |
Visual Selective Reminding (Immediate) | 7.48 (3.30) | 9.87 (2.56) | 11.76 | < 0.001 | 0.12 |
Visual Selective Reminding (Delayed) | 8.75 (2.03) | 10.10 (1.52) | 10.06 | < 0.001 | 0.11 |
3.3. ROI Volumes in Autism and Controls
Structure | Mean (SD) ASD n = 56 | Mean (SD) TDC n = 31 | F | P | ρη2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
center Fusiform | 12.12 (1.89) | 12.95 (2.03) | 4.91 * | 0.03 | 0.06 |
Right Fusiform | 11.81 (1.79) | 11.64 (1.67) | 0.25 | 0.62 | 0.00 |
center Amygdala | 1.78 (0.30) | 1.67 (0.24) | 4.07 * | 0.049 | 0.05 |
Right Amygdala | 1.78 (0.28) | 1.72 (0.23) | 1.21 | 0.27 | 0.01 |
center Hippocampus | 4.62 (0.61) | 4.39 (0.66) | 4.15 * | 0.048 | 0.05 |
Right Hippocampus | 4.61 (0.65) | 4.56 (0.46) | 0.40 | 0.53 | 0.01 |
3.4. Relationship between ROI Volume and Facial Memory Performance
Structure | Facial Memory | Facial Memory Delayed | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
ASD | TDC | ASD | TDC | |
center Fusiform | 0.10 | 0.05 | –0.28 * | –0.21 |
Right Fusiform | 0.13 | 0.12 | –0.15 | –0.09 |
center Amygdala | 0.04 | –0.01 | –0.02 | 0.09 |
Right Amygdala | 0.07 | –0.04 | –0.11 | –0.07 |
center Hippocampus | –0.05 | 0.06 | –0.11 | 0.08 |
Right Hippocampus | –0.17 | 0.17 | –0.28 * | 0.14 |
Structure | Object Recall | Visual Selective Reminding (Immediate) | Visual Selective Reminding (Delayed) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASD | TDC | ASD | TDC | ASD | TDC | |
Left Fusiform | 0.08 | –0.08 | 0.13 | –0.24 | 0.11 | 0.13 |
Right Fusiform | –0.01 | 0.01 | –0.14 | –0.07 | 0.10 | 0.26 |
Left Amygdala | –0.14 | 0.01 | –0.13 | –0.11 | 0.06 | 0.10 |
Right Amygdala | 0.03 | –0.04 | –0.14 | –0.14 | 0.14 | 0.12 |
Left Hippocampus | –0.20 | 0.19 | –0.02 | –0.18 | 0.07 | –0.16 |
Right Hippocampus | –0.16 | 0.17 | –0.24 | –0.18 | 0.08 | 0.26 |
4. Discussion
4.1. Fusiform Gyrus Volumes in Autism
4.2. Atypical Structure–Function Relationship of Fusiform Gyrus Morphometry in Autism
4.3. Relationship between Structure Size and Connectivity
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflict of Interest
References
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Trontel, H.G.; Duffield, T.C.; Bigler, E.D.; Froehlich, A.; Prigge, M.B.D.; Nielsen, J.A.; Cooperrider, J.R.; Cariello, A.N.; Travers, B.G.; Anderson, J.S.; et al. Fusiform Correlates of Facial Memory in Autism. Behav. Sci. 2013, 3, 348-371. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs3030348
Trontel HG, Duffield TC, Bigler ED, Froehlich A, Prigge MBD, Nielsen JA, Cooperrider JR, Cariello AN, Travers BG, Anderson JS, et al. Fusiform Correlates of Facial Memory in Autism. Behavioral Sciences. 2013; 3(3):348-371. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs3030348
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrontel, Haley G., Tyler C. Duffield, Erin D. Bigler, Alyson Froehlich, Molly B.D. Prigge, Jared A. Nielsen, Jason R. Cooperrider, Annahir N. Cariello, Brittany G. Travers, Jeffrey S. Anderson, and et al. 2013. "Fusiform Correlates of Facial Memory in Autism" Behavioral Sciences 3, no. 3: 348-371. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs3030348
APA StyleTrontel, H. G., Duffield, T. C., Bigler, E. D., Froehlich, A., Prigge, M. B. D., Nielsen, J. A., Cooperrider, J. R., Cariello, A. N., Travers, B. G., Anderson, J. S., Zielinski, B. A., Alexander, A., Lange, N., & Lainhart, J. E. (2013). Fusiform Correlates of Facial Memory in Autism. Behavioral Sciences, 3(3), 348-371. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs3030348