Expert Performance in Action Anticipation: Visual Search Behavior in Volleyball Spiking Defense from Different Viewing Perspectives
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Experimental Materials
2.2.1. Experiment Equipment
2.2.2. Video Production
2.2.3. Video Clipping
2.3. Experimental Design and Process
2.4. Areas of Interest
2.5. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Behavioral Data
3.2. Whole Fixation Data
3.2.1. Total Fixation Duration of Each Video
3.2.2. Number of Fixations
3.2.3. First Fixation Duration
3.3. Fixation Proportion of Areas of Interest
3.3.1. Pre-Spike Phase
3.3.2. Spiking Phase
4. Discussion
4.1. Superior Response Accuracy but Similar Response Times
4.2. Whole Fixation Variables
4.3. Areas of Interest from Different Perspectives
4.4. Limitations, Strengths, and Future Studies
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Spiker + Spike Type | Baseline | Zone 1 | Zone 6 | Zone 5 | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zone 2 (RS) + Crosscourt | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 20 |
Zone 2 (RS) + Midline | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
Zone 2 (RS) + Straight | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 16 |
Zone 3 (MS) + Crosscourt | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
Zone 3 (MS) + Midline | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 16 |
Zone 4 (OS) + Crosscourt | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
Zone 4 (OS) + Midline | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 20 |
Zone 4 (OS) + Straight | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 12 |
Total | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 104 |
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Zhu, R.; Zou, D.; Wang, K.; Cao, C. Expert Performance in Action Anticipation: Visual Search Behavior in Volleyball Spiking Defense from Different Viewing Perspectives. Behav. Sci. 2024, 14, 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14030163
Zhu R, Zou D, Wang K, Cao C. Expert Performance in Action Anticipation: Visual Search Behavior in Volleyball Spiking Defense from Different Viewing Perspectives. Behavioral Sciences. 2024; 14(3):163. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14030163
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhu, Ruihan, Deze Zou, Keji Wang, and Chunmei Cao. 2024. "Expert Performance in Action Anticipation: Visual Search Behavior in Volleyball Spiking Defense from Different Viewing Perspectives" Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 3: 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14030163