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Geosciences
Volume 15
Issue 9
10.3390/geosciences15090330
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Communication

Deep-Water Volcaniclastic Layers in the Late Messinian Apennines Foreland Basin Unravel the First Calc-Alkaline Rhyolitic Eruption in the Central Italy Magmatic System

by
Michela Principi
1,*,
Fabio Arzilli
1,
Giulia Bosio
2,
Daniele Morgavi
3 and
Claudio N. Di Celma
1
1
School of Science and Technology, Geology Division, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
2
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
3
Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse (DISTAR), Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Geosciences 2025, 15(9), 330; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences15090330 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 12 June 2025 / Revised: 21 July 2025 / Accepted: 6 August 2025 / Published: 23 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Tectonic Origins of Sedimentary Basins: Provenance and Evolution Across Geological Time)
Versions Notes

Abstract

A package of upper Messinian volcaniclastic layers (UMVLs), exposed in the deep-water foreland basin system of the central Apennines (Italy), is the volcanic product of a rhyolitic eruption dated to 5.5 Ma. These UMVLs are an important marker for stratigraphic correlations along the central Apennines foreland basin system, but their source is still debated and poorly understood. Italian Plio-Quaternary volcanism exhibits significant petrological and geochemical variability, causing debate over magma genesis and differentiation. Investigating the magmatic evolution of central Italy is crucial for understanding one of the most complex geodynamic settings on Earth. The first evidence of efficient magma differentiation, producing eruptible calc-alkaline rhyolitic magmas, is the San Vincenzo eruption at 4.41 Ma. Our sedimentological and petrological analyses of UMVL exposures indicate a possible volcanic source in the northeastern Tuscany Magmatic Province. This discovery implies a developed transcrustal magma reservoir system and suggests that efficient magma differentiation capable of producing eruptible calc-alkaline rhyolitic magma occurred about one million years earlier than the San Vincenzo eruption, marking these UMVLs as the first rhyolitic eruption associated with Italian Plio-Quaternary volcanism.
Keywords: central Italy magmatism; volcaniclastic turbidites; rhyolitic eruption central Italy magmatism; volcaniclastic turbidites; rhyolitic eruption

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MDPI and ACS Style

Principi, M.; Arzilli, F.; Bosio, G.; Morgavi, D.; Celma, C.N.D. Deep-Water Volcaniclastic Layers in the Late Messinian Apennines Foreland Basin Unravel the First Calc-Alkaline Rhyolitic Eruption in the Central Italy Magmatic System. Geosciences 2025, 15, 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences15090330

AMA Style

Principi M, Arzilli F, Bosio G, Morgavi D, Celma CND. Deep-Water Volcaniclastic Layers in the Late Messinian Apennines Foreland Basin Unravel the First Calc-Alkaline Rhyolitic Eruption in the Central Italy Magmatic System. Geosciences. 2025; 15(9):330. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences15090330

Chicago/Turabian Style

Principi, Michela, Fabio Arzilli, Giulia Bosio, Daniele Morgavi, and Claudio N. Di Celma. 2025. "Deep-Water Volcaniclastic Layers in the Late Messinian Apennines Foreland Basin Unravel the First Calc-Alkaline Rhyolitic Eruption in the Central Italy Magmatic System" Geosciences 15, no. 9: 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences15090330

APA Style

Principi, M., Arzilli, F., Bosio, G., Morgavi, D., & Celma, C. N. D. (2025). Deep-Water Volcaniclastic Layers in the Late Messinian Apennines Foreland Basin Unravel the First Calc-Alkaline Rhyolitic Eruption in the Central Italy Magmatic System. Geosciences, 15(9), 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences15090330

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