Behaviour-Based Husbandry—A Holistic Approach to the Management of Abnormal Repetitive Behaviors
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Zoo Animal Welfare
2.1. Zoo Animal Welfare: A Global Perspective
2.2. Zookeepers and the Importance of Husbandry
2.3. Back to Basics—The Importance of Behaviour in Zoo Animal Welfare
2.4. Addressing Behaviour Problems: Prevention Is Better than Cure
2.5. Environmental Enrichment—A Universal Panacea?
2.6. Behavioural Pharmacology
2.7. Framework for Preventing and Managing Behavioural Pathology
3. Conclusions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Potential Triggers | Suggested Mechanism | Aetiology of ARBs [9,55] | Symptom |
---|---|---|---|
Negative human–animal interactions e.g., zoo visitors, zoo staff, chronic pain [59,60,61,62]. | The animal does not have the evolved behaviours or physiology to cope with stressors. | Repeated attempts to cope | Abnormal repetitive behaviours, e.g., stereotypy, self-directed behaviours or externally directed behaviours |
Frustrated reproductive, maternal, foraging, predatory, browsing, grazing behaviours [10,58,63]. | A lack of provisions prevents the animal from performing its evolved behaviours or physiological needs. | Behavioural frustration | |
Early maternal separation, barren environment during development [56,57,64]. | Impaired cognitive development. | Psychopathology |
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Bacon, H. Behaviour-Based Husbandry—A Holistic Approach to the Management of Abnormal Repetitive Behaviors. Animals 2018, 8, 103. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani8070103
Bacon H. Behaviour-Based Husbandry—A Holistic Approach to the Management of Abnormal Repetitive Behaviors. Animals. 2018; 8(7):103. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani8070103
Chicago/Turabian StyleBacon, Heather. 2018. "Behaviour-Based Husbandry—A Holistic Approach to the Management of Abnormal Repetitive Behaviors" Animals 8, no. 7: 103. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani8070103