Zoonotic Parasites in Artiodactyls with Emphasis on the Feral Boar in the Atlantic Forest, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Fecal Sample Collection Site
2.2. Collection of Fecal Samples
2.3. Host Identification—Macroscopic Morphological Analysis
2.4. Host Identification—Molecular Analysis
2.5. Microscopic Parasitological Diagnosis
2.6. Molecular Analysis of Ciliated Protozoa
2.7. Analysis of the Results
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parasites | Pavão Valley (n = 72) | Grama Valley (n = 24) | Morro Redondo (n = 5) | Total of Samples (n = 101) | p Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sus scrofa (n = 60) | UIS artiodactyl (n = 12) | Sus scrofa (n = 19) | UIS Artiodactyl (n = 5) | Mazama gouazoubira (n = 1) | UIS Artiodactyl (n = 4) | |||
Protozoa | 29 (48.3%) | 2 (16.6%) | 9 (47.3%) | 1 (20%) | - | 41 (40.5%) | ||
Phylum Ciliophora cyst | 27 (45%) | 2 (16.6%) | 10 (52.6%) | 1 (20%) | - | - | 40 (39.6%) | 0.00 * |
Unsporulated coccidian oocysts | 3 (5%) | - | - | - | - | - | 3 (2.9%) | 0.243 |
Helmints | 22 (36.6%) | 2 (16.6%) | 3 (15.7%) | - | 1 (100%) | - | 28 (27.7%) | |
Ascaris sp. | 9 (15%) | - | 2 (10.5%) | - | 1 (100%) | - | 12 (11.8%) | 0.004 * |
Metastrongylus sp. | 5 (8.3%) | 1 (8.3%) | - | - | - | 6 (5.9%) | 0.027 * | |
Strongyle | 4 (6.6%) | - | - | - | - | 4 (3.9%) | 0.118 | |
Trichuris sp. | 4 (6.6%) | - | - | - | - | 4 (3.9%) | 0.118 | |
Nematode larva | 6 (10%) | 1 (8.3%) | 1 (5.2%) | - | - | 8 (7.9%) | 0.005 * | |
Unidentified nematode egg | 1 (1.6%) | - | - | - | - | 1 (1%) | 1 | |
Total parasite positivity | 54 (53.4%) |
Sus scrofa | Richness | Dominance | Diversity | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shannon (H’) | p Value | Simpson (D) | p Value | |||
Pavão Valley | 8 | 2.623 | 1.672 | 0.001 * | 7.377 | 0.041 * |
Grama Valley | 3 | 6.213 | 6.871 | 3.787 |
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Pinheiro, J.L.; Bruno, S.F.; Dib, L.V.; Dos Santos, C.R.; Class, C.S.C.; Corrêa, L.L.; Studart Lima, M.; Motoyama, P.R.A.; Guimarães, R.J.P.S.; Amendoeira, M.R.R.; et al. Zoonotic Parasites in Artiodactyls with Emphasis on the Feral Boar in the Atlantic Forest, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Animals 2023, 13, 3611. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13233611
Pinheiro JL, Bruno SF, Dib LV, Dos Santos CR, Class CSC, Corrêa LL, Studart Lima M, Motoyama PRA, Guimarães RJPS, Amendoeira MRR, et al. Zoonotic Parasites in Artiodactyls with Emphasis on the Feral Boar in the Atlantic Forest, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Animals. 2023; 13(23):3611. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13233611
Chicago/Turabian StylePinheiro, Jessica L., Sávio F. Bruno, Laís V. Dib, Claudijane R. Dos Santos, Camila S. C. Class, Laís L. Corrêa, Marcelo Studart Lima, Paulo Rogério A. Motoyama, Ricardo J. P. S. Guimarães, Maria Regina R. Amendoeira, and et al. 2023. "Zoonotic Parasites in Artiodactyls with Emphasis on the Feral Boar in the Atlantic Forest, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil" Animals 13, no. 23: 3611. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13233611
APA StylePinheiro, J. L., Bruno, S. F., Dib, L. V., Dos Santos, C. R., Class, C. S. C., Corrêa, L. L., Studart Lima, M., Motoyama, P. R. A., Guimarães, R. J. P. S., Amendoeira, M. R. R., & Barbosa, A. S. (2023). Zoonotic Parasites in Artiodactyls with Emphasis on the Feral Boar in the Atlantic Forest, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Animals, 13(23), 3611. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13233611