An Assessment of Starch Content and Gelatinization in Traditional and Non-Traditional Dog Food Formulations
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Diet | Type | Life Stage | Ingredient 1 | Ingredient 2 | Ingredient 3 | Ingredient 4 | Ingredient 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | NT | All life stages | Chicken | Chicken meal | Sweet potatoes | Pea protein | Pea flour |
2 | NT | All life stages | Deboned alligator | Menhaden fish meal | Tapioca starch | Peas | Pea protein |
3 | NT | All life stages | Kangaroo | Kangaroo meal | Peas | Chickpeas | Pea flour |
4 | NT | All life stages | Rabbit | Salmon meal | Menhaden fish meal | Chickpeas | Canola oil |
5 | NT | Maintenance | Buffalo | Lamb meal | Chicken meal | Sweet potatoes | Peas |
6 | NT | Maintenance | Chicken | Peas | Pea starch | Chicken by-product meal | Lentils |
7 | NT | Maintenance | Deboned venison | Turkey meal | Pork meal | Chickpeas | Lentils |
8 | NT | Maintenance | Quail | Chickpeas | Peas | Potatoes | Turkey meal |
9 | NT | Maintenance | Squid | Chickpeas | Pumpkin | Sunflower oil | Flaxseed |
10 | NT | Maintenance | Venison meal | Dried potatoes | Lentils | Chickpeas | Canola oil |
11 | T | All life stages | Chicken | Chicken meal | Whole grain brown rice | Cracked pearled barley | Pea flour |
12 | T | All life stages | Chicken meal | Brown rice | Rice | Chicken fat | Olive oil |
13 | T | All life stages | Chicken meal | Grain sorghum | Peas | Whole grain millet | Whole grain brown rice |
14 | T | Maintenance | Chicken | Brewers rice | Corn gluten meal | Whole grain corn | Poultry by-product |
15 | T | Maintenance | Chicken | Brown rice | Brewers rice | Cracked pearled barley | Chicken meal |
16 | T | Maintenance | Chicken | Chicken by-product meal | Corn meal | Ground whole grain sorghum | Brewers rice |
17 | T | Maintenance | Chicken | Organic barley | Organic oats | Organic peas | Chicken meal |
18 | T | Maintenance | Chicken meal | Ground barley | Ground oats | Ground brown rice | Chicken fat |
19 | T | Maintenance | Ground whole grain corn | Meat and bone meal | Corn gluten meal | Animal fat | Soybean meal |
20 | T | Maintenance | Whole ground brown rice | Dehydrated chicken | Coconut | Sun-cured alfalfa | Whole ground flaxseed |
Non-Traditional (NT) | Traditional (T) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Maintenance | |||
Total starch (% of total diet) | 22.3 (±8.0)% | 35.2 (±4.0)% | 0.0032 * |
Gelatinized starch (% of total diet) | 21.4 (±7.8)% | 30.2 (±2.4)% | 0.0165 * |
Total starch gelatinization (% of total starch) | 95.4 (±2.1)% | 86.1 (±3.8)% | 0.0002 * |
All life stages | |||
Total starch (% total diet) | 19.9 (±3.4)% | 36.0 (±7.8)% | 0.0128 * |
Gelatinized starch (% of total diet) | 19.4 (±3.4)% | 30.9 (±5.9)% | 0.0220 * |
Total starch gelatinization (% of total starch) | 97.6 (±2.3)% | 86.3 (±4.0)% | 0.0049 * |
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Perry, E.B.; Valach, A.A.; Fenton, J.M.; Moore, G.E. An Assessment of Starch Content and Gelatinization in Traditional and Non-Traditional Dog Food Formulations. Animals 2022, 12, 3357. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233357
Perry EB, Valach AA, Fenton JM, Moore GE. An Assessment of Starch Content and Gelatinization in Traditional and Non-Traditional Dog Food Formulations. Animals. 2022; 12(23):3357. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233357
Chicago/Turabian StylePerry, Erin Beth, Alyssa Ann Valach, Jesse Marie Fenton, and George E. Moore. 2022. "An Assessment of Starch Content and Gelatinization in Traditional and Non-Traditional Dog Food Formulations" Animals 12, no. 23: 3357. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233357
APA StylePerry, E. B., Valach, A. A., Fenton, J. M., & Moore, G. E. (2022). An Assessment of Starch Content and Gelatinization in Traditional and Non-Traditional Dog Food Formulations. Animals, 12(23), 3357. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233357