Grazing Mares on Pasture with Sycamore Maples: A Potential Threat to Suckling Foals and Food Safety through Milk Contamination
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animal Selection
2.2. Blood and Milk Sampling
2.3. Hypoglycin A Assay
2.4. MCPA-Carnitine Determination Method
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Animals | Breed | Sex | Age | Diagnosis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Foal 1 | Paint Horse | male | 58 days | Enterocolitis |
Mare 1 | Paint Horse | female | 8 years | Healthy cograzer | |
2 | Foal 2 | Franches-Montagnes | male | 128 days | Healthy cograzer |
Mare 2 | Franches-Montagnes | female | 18 years | Healthy cograzer | |
3 | Foal 3 | Quarter Horse | female | 37 days | R. equi infection |
Mare 3 | Quarter Horse | female | 10 years | Healthy cograzer | |
4 | Foal 4 | Zangersheide | male | 171 days | Atypical myopathy |
Mare 4 | Zangersheide | female | 22 years | Healthy cograzer |
Animals | Sample Type | Sampling Date | HGA (µmol/L) | MCPA-Carnitine (nmol/L) | Creatine Kinase Activity (UI/L) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Foal 1 | blood | 24 May 2019 | 0.12 | 1.39 | <20 |
Mare 1 | blood | 28 May 2019 | nd | 0.35 | / | |
milk | 28 May 2019 | 0.01 * | 2.03 | / | ||
2 | Foal 2 | blood | 11 November 2018 | 0.89 | 0.66 | 155 |
Mare 2 | blood | 11 November 2018 | 0.80 | 0.52 | / | |
milk | 12 November 2018 | nd | 0.00 | / | ||
3 | Foal 3 | blood | 28 May 2019 | 0.27 | 0.75 | <20 |
Mare 3 | blood | 28 May 2019 | 0.29 | 8.16 | / | |
milk | 28 May 2019 | 0.06 * | 4.85 | / | ||
4 | Foal 4 | blood | 19 October 2018 | 1.60 | 39.80 | 27,712 |
Mare 4 | blood | 20 October 2018 | 0.59 | 2.82 | / | |
milk | 20 October 2018 | 0.02 * | 9.47 | / |
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Renaud, B.; François, A.-C.; Boemer, F.; Kruse, C.; Stern, D.; Piot, A.; Petitjean, T.; Gustin, P.; Votion, D.-M. Grazing Mares on Pasture with Sycamore Maples: A Potential Threat to Suckling Foals and Food Safety through Milk Contamination. Animals 2021, 11, 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010087
Renaud B, François A-C, Boemer F, Kruse C, Stern D, Piot A, Petitjean T, Gustin P, Votion D-M. Grazing Mares on Pasture with Sycamore Maples: A Potential Threat to Suckling Foals and Food Safety through Milk Contamination. Animals. 2021; 11(1):87. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010087
Chicago/Turabian StyleRenaud, Benoît, Anne-Christine François, François Boemer, Caroline Kruse, David Stern, Amandine Piot, Thierry Petitjean, Pascal Gustin, and Dominique-Marie Votion. 2021. "Grazing Mares on Pasture with Sycamore Maples: A Potential Threat to Suckling Foals and Food Safety through Milk Contamination" Animals 11, no. 1: 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010087
APA StyleRenaud, B., François, A.-C., Boemer, F., Kruse, C., Stern, D., Piot, A., Petitjean, T., Gustin, P., & Votion, D.-M. (2021). Grazing Mares on Pasture with Sycamore Maples: A Potential Threat to Suckling Foals and Food Safety through Milk Contamination. Animals, 11(1), 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010087