Unraveling the Metabolic Potential of Asgardarchaeota in a Sediment from the Mediterranean Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Water Basin Mar Piccolo (Taranto, Italy)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sediment Sample Collection and Storage
2.2. Extraction and Analysis of Petroleum Hydrocarbons (PHCs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
2.3. DNA Extraction
2.4. Illumina Sequencing
2.5. Reconstruction of Metagenome-Assembled Genomes (MAGs) and Functional Annotation
2.6. Phylogenetic Analysis of Alkyl (Ass) and Benzyl-Succinate Synthase (Bss), Sulfhydrogenase, and Reductive Dehalogenase Genes
2.7. Phylogenomic Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Sampling Site Description
3.2. Assembly Results and Phylogenomic Analysis of Asgardarchaeota MAGs from the Mar Piccolo Sediment
3.3. Genetic Potential of Asgardarchaeota Mar Piccolo Resident Microbial Community
3.3.1. Carbohydrate and Peptides Degrading Enzymes
3.3.2. Central Metabolism
3.3.3. Sulfur and Nitrogen Metabolism
3.3.4. Identification of Syntrophic Lifestyle Genes in Throarchaeota, Lokiarchaeota, and Heimdalarchaeota Bins
3.3.5. Analysis of Genes Involved in Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation and Reductive Dehalogenation
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pollutant | Concentration |
---|---|
PHCs (g/kgdw) | 1.38 ± 0.10 |
Di-chlorobiphenyls (mg/kgdw) | 3.36 ± 0.02 |
Tri-chlorobiphenyls (mg/kgdw) | 1.05 ± 0.00 |
Tetra-chlorobiphenyls (mg/kgdw) | 0.98 ± 0.00 |
Penta-chlorobiphenyls (mg/kgdw) | 0.83 ± 0.00 |
Hexa-chlorobiphenyls (mg/kgdw) | 2.26 ± 0.01 |
Hepta-chlorobiphenyls (mg/kgdw) | 1.07 ± 0.41 |
Octa-chlorobiphenyls (mg/kgdw) | 0.35 ± 0.00 |
Total PCBs (mg/kgdw) | 10.6 ± 0.05 |
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Firrincieli, A.; Negroni, A.; Zanaroli, G.; Cappelletti, M. Unraveling the Metabolic Potential of Asgardarchaeota in a Sediment from the Mediterranean Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Water Basin Mar Piccolo (Taranto, Italy). Microorganisms 2021, 9, 859. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040859
Firrincieli A, Negroni A, Zanaroli G, Cappelletti M. Unraveling the Metabolic Potential of Asgardarchaeota in a Sediment from the Mediterranean Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Water Basin Mar Piccolo (Taranto, Italy). Microorganisms. 2021; 9(4):859. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040859
Chicago/Turabian StyleFirrincieli, Andrea, Andrea Negroni, Giulio Zanaroli, and Martina Cappelletti. 2021. "Unraveling the Metabolic Potential of Asgardarchaeota in a Sediment from the Mediterranean Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Water Basin Mar Piccolo (Taranto, Italy)" Microorganisms 9, no. 4: 859. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040859