Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria: Molecular and Physiological Bases of Virulence and Adaptation to Ecological Niches
Abstract
1. Introduction: Mycobacteria and the Host
2. Mycobacteria Diversity and Evolution
2.1. General Characteristics of the Mycobacterium Genus
2.2. Phylogeny and Evolution of the Mycobacterium Genus
2.3. Evolutionary Drivers of the Mycobacterium Genus
3. Mycobacteria Ecology: The Underlying Resilience Biology
3.1. Genetic Variability
3.2. Transcriptional Regulation
3.3. Mycobacterial Outer Membrane
3.4. Slow Growth
3.5. Biofilm Formation and Quorum-Sensing
3.6. Resistance and Degradation of Recalcitrant Compounds
3.7. Antimicrobial Resistance
3.8. Protozoa-Mycobacteria Symbiosis
4. Mycobacteria Ecological Niches
4.1. Water
4.2. Soil
4.3. Plants
4.4. Dust and Air
4.5. Extreme Environments
4.6. Healthcare Settings
5. Mycobacteria Infection
5.1. Human Infection
Clinically-Relevant Species
5.2. Animal Infection
6. Detection, Identification, and Differentiation Tools for Mycobacteria
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pereira, A.C.; Ramos, B.; Reis, A.C.; Cunha, M.V. Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria: Molecular and Physiological Bases of Virulence and Adaptation to Ecological Niches. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1380. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091380
Pereira AC, Ramos B, Reis AC, Cunha MV. Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria: Molecular and Physiological Bases of Virulence and Adaptation to Ecological Niches. Microorganisms. 2020; 8(9):1380. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091380
Chicago/Turabian StylePereira, André C., Beatriz Ramos, Ana C. Reis, and Mónica V. Cunha. 2020. "Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria: Molecular and Physiological Bases of Virulence and Adaptation to Ecological Niches" Microorganisms 8, no. 9: 1380. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091380
APA StylePereira, A. C., Ramos, B., Reis, A. C., & Cunha, M. V. (2020). Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria: Molecular and Physiological Bases of Virulence and Adaptation to Ecological Niches. Microorganisms, 8(9), 1380. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091380