Calcineurin Inhibitor-Based Immunosuppression and COVID-19: Results from a Multidisciplinary Cohort of Patients in Northern Italy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Characteristics of the Cohort
3.2. COVID-19 Patient Characteristics and Outcomes
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patients (%) | Median Age in Years (IQR) | Median Follow-Up in Months (IQR) | Males (% by Group) | Cys (% by Group) | TAC (% by Group) | CNIs and Other ISTs (% by Group) | COVID-19 (%) | Median Age in Years (IQR) | Median Follow-Up in Months (IQR) | Males (% by Group) | Cys (% by Group) | TAC (% by Group) | CNIs and Other ISTs (% by Group) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RMDs | 53 (14) | 61 (48-69) | 41 (17–81) | 15 (28) | 53 (100) | 0 (0) | 30 (57) | 0 (0) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Lung Tx | 91 (24) | 58 (48-64) | 116 (46–187) | 54 (59) | 11 (12) | 80 (88) | 91 (100) | 3 (21) | 65 (62–75) | 60 (1–266) | 2 (67) | 1 (33) | 2 (67) | 3 (100) |
Heart Tx | 100 (26) | 63 (53-72.5) | 144 (72–228) | 61 (61) | 63 (63) | 37 (37) | 78 (78) | 5 (36) | 63 (53–67) | 60 (48–144) | 3 (60) | 2 (40) | 3 (21) | 3 (60) |
Kidney Tx | 140 (36) | 55 (48-62.5) | 62.5 (32.5–116.5) | 90 (64) | 43 (31) | 97 (69) | 139 (99) | 6 (43) | 57.5 (51–64) | 95 (46–159) | 5 (83) | 3 (50) | 3 (21) | 5 (83) |
Overall | 384 (100) | 58 (49-66) | 83.5 (39–156) | 220 (57) | 170 (44) | 214 (56) | 338 (88) | 14 (100) | 60.5 (46–159) | 62.5 (53–67) | 10 (71) | 6 (43) | 8 (57) | 11 (79) |
Symptoms | COVID-19, Number of Patients (%) |
---|---|
Fever | 12 (86) |
Fatigue | 10 (71) |
Cough | 9 (64) |
Rhinorrhea | 5 (35) |
Headache | 8 (57) |
Diarrhea | 10 (71) |
Nausea | 8 (57) |
Sore throat | 4 (28) |
Ageusia | 4 (28) |
Arthromyalgias | 4 (28) |
Dyspnea | 3 (21) |
Anosmia | 5 (36) |
Conjunctivitis | 2 (14) |
Condition (Number, % of Overall) | Median Time from Symptom Onset in Days (IQR) | Hospitalization (% of the Group) | Clinical/Radiological Lung Involvement (% of the Group) | ARDS (% of the Group) | Full Recovery (% of the Group) | Improved (% of the Group) | Stable (% of the Group) | Worsened (% of the Group) | Death (% of the Group) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RMDs (0, 0) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Lung Tx (3, 21) | 15 (10-18) | 2 (67) | 2 (67) | 0 (0) | 3 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Heart Tx (5, 36) | 12 (10-15) | 5 (100) | 2(40) | 0 (0) | 3 (60) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (40) |
Kidney Tx (6, 43) | 12.5 (10-15) | 5 (80) | 5 (83) | 0 (0) | 5 (80) | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Overall (14, 100) | 13.5 (10-15) | 12 (86) | 9 (64) | 0 (0) | 11 (79) | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (14) |
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Cavagna, L.; Seminari, E.; Zanframundo, G.; Gregorini, M.; Di Matteo, A.; Rampino, T.; Montecucco, C.; Pelenghi, S.; Cattadori, B.; Pattonieri, E.F.; et al. Calcineurin Inhibitor-Based Immunosuppression and COVID-19: Results from a Multidisciplinary Cohort of Patients in Northern Italy. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 977. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8070977
Cavagna L, Seminari E, Zanframundo G, Gregorini M, Di Matteo A, Rampino T, Montecucco C, Pelenghi S, Cattadori B, Pattonieri EF, et al. Calcineurin Inhibitor-Based Immunosuppression and COVID-19: Results from a Multidisciplinary Cohort of Patients in Northern Italy. Microorganisms. 2020; 8(7):977. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8070977
Chicago/Turabian StyleCavagna, Lorenzo, Elena Seminari, Giovanni Zanframundo, Marilena Gregorini, Angela Di Matteo, Teresa Rampino, Carlomaurizio Montecucco, Stefano Pelenghi, Barbara Cattadori, Eleonora Francesca Pattonieri, and et al. 2020. "Calcineurin Inhibitor-Based Immunosuppression and COVID-19: Results from a Multidisciplinary Cohort of Patients in Northern Italy" Microorganisms 8, no. 7: 977. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8070977