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10.3390/microorganisms10071443
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Article

Detection of Tahyna Orthobunyavirus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease in Croatia

by
Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek
1,2,*,†,
Vladimir Stevanovic
3,*,†,
Vladimir Savic
4,
Domagoj Markelic
1,
Dario Sabadi
5,6,
Maja Bogdanic
1,
Snjezana Kovac
3,
Marija Santini
2,7,
Irena Tabain
1,
Tanja Potocnik-Hunjadi
8,
Ivana Ferencak
1,
Ana Marija Skoda
1,
Ana Sankovic
2 and
Ljubo Barbic
3
1
Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
2
School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
3
Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
4
Poultry Center, Croatian Veterinary Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
5
Department of Infectious Diseases, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
6
Medical Faculty, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
7
Department for Adult Intensive Care and Neuroinfections, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases “Dr Fran Mihaljevic”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
8
Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital Varazdin, 42000 Varazdin, Croatia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Microorganisms 2022, 10(7), 1443; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071443
Submission received: 8 June 2022 / Revised: 14 July 2022 / Accepted: 14 July 2022 / Published: 18 July 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecology, Evolution and Epidemiology of Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases)
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Abstract

Background: Tahyna orthobunyavirus (TAHV) is widely distributed in continental Europe. Very few studies have analyzed TAHV seroprevalence in Croatia. We analyzed the prevalence of TAHV RNA and antibodies in Croatian patients with neuroinvasive disease (NID). Methods: A total of 218 patients with unsolved NID detected during five consecutive arbovirus transmission seasons (April 2017–October 2021) were tested. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and urine samples were tested for TAHV RNA using RT-PCR. In addition, CSF and serum samples were tested for TAHV antibodies using a virus neutralization test (VNT). Results: Clinical presentations in patients with NID were meningitis (141/64.7%), meningoencephalitis (56/25.7%), myelitis (8/3.7%), and ‘febrile headache’ (13/5.9%). TAHV RNA was not detected in any of the tested CSF or urine samples; however, TAHV-neutralizing (NT) antibodies were detected in 22/10.1% of patients. Detection of NT antibodies in the CSF of two patients presenting with meningitis suggested recent TAHV infection. TAHV seropositivity increased significantly with age, from 1.8% to 24.4%. There was no difference in seroprevalence between genders or areas of residence (urban, suburban/rural). The majority of seropositive patients (90.9%) resided in floodplains along the rivers in continental Croatia. Conclusions: The presented results confirm that TAHV is present in Croatia. The prevalence and clinical significance of TAHV infection in the Croatian population have yet to be determined.
Keywords: Tahyna orthobunyavirus; neuroinvasive disease; neutralizing antibodies; Croatia Tahyna orthobunyavirus; neuroinvasive disease; neutralizing antibodies; Croatia

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vilibic-Cavlek, T.; Stevanovic, V.; Savic, V.; Markelic, D.; Sabadi, D.; Bogdanic, M.; Kovac, S.; Santini, M.; Tabain, I.; Potocnik-Hunjadi, T.; et al. Detection of Tahyna Orthobunyavirus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease in Croatia. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 1443. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071443

AMA Style

Vilibic-Cavlek T, Stevanovic V, Savic V, Markelic D, Sabadi D, Bogdanic M, Kovac S, Santini M, Tabain I, Potocnik-Hunjadi T, et al. Detection of Tahyna Orthobunyavirus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease in Croatia. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(7):1443. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071443

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vilibic-Cavlek, Tatjana, Vladimir Stevanovic, Vladimir Savic, Domagoj Markelic, Dario Sabadi, Maja Bogdanic, Snjezana Kovac, Marija Santini, Irena Tabain, Tanja Potocnik-Hunjadi, and et al. 2022. "Detection of Tahyna Orthobunyavirus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease in Croatia" Microorganisms 10, no. 7: 1443. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071443

APA Style

Vilibic-Cavlek, T., Stevanovic, V., Savic, V., Markelic, D., Sabadi, D., Bogdanic, M., Kovac, S., Santini, M., Tabain, I., Potocnik-Hunjadi, T., Ferencak, I., Skoda, A. M., Sankovic, A., & Barbic, L. (2022). Detection of Tahyna Orthobunyavirus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease in Croatia. Microorganisms, 10(7), 1443. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071443

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