Coxiella burnetii in Dogs and Cats from Portugal: Serological and Molecular Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Dogs and Cats Attending to Veterinary Medical Care Centres
2.3. Dogs and Cats from Municipal Kennels
2.4. Dogs and Cats Details
2.5. Antibody Testing
2.6. Molecular Testing
2.7. DNA Extraction from Ticks
2.8. DNA Extraction from Reproductive Tissue and Endometrial Swabs
2.9. Real-Time PCR
2.10. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Antibody Testing
3.2. Molecular Testing
3.2.1. Ticks
3.2.2. Uterine Tissue and/or Endometrial Swabs
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study Period | Cats | Dogs | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number (n) | Number (%) of Positives | a CI 95% | Number (n) | Number (%) of Positives | a CI 95% | |
2012 | 29 | 5 (17.2) | 5.8–35.8 | 151 | 19 (12.6) | 7.7–19.0 |
2021 | 47 | 0 (0) | n.a. b | 60 | 1 (1.7) | 0.3–9.1 |
Total | 76 | 5 (6.6) | 2.5–15.3 | 211 | 20 (9.5) | 6.0–14.5 |
Tick Species | Stage/Sex | Nº Ticks | Nº Hosts | PCR Result | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Engorged Female | Non-Engorged Female | Male | Nymph | Larva | ||||
Dogs | ||||||||
R. sanguineus | 34 | 16 | 23 | 1 | 0 | 74 | 14 | Negative |
I. ricinus | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | Negative |
D. reticulatus | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | Negative |
Cats | ||||||||
R. sanguineus | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 6 | Negative |
I. ricinus | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 3 | Negative |
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Anastácio, S.; Anjos, S.; Neves, S.; Neves, T.; Esteves, P.; Craveiro, H.; Madeira, B.; Pires, M.d.A.; Sousa, S.; da Silva, G.; et al. Coxiella burnetii in Dogs and Cats from Portugal: Serological and Molecular Analysis. Pathogens 2022, 11, 1525. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11121525
Anastácio S, Anjos S, Neves S, Neves T, Esteves P, Craveiro H, Madeira B, Pires MdA, Sousa S, da Silva G, et al. Coxiella burnetii in Dogs and Cats from Portugal: Serological and Molecular Analysis. Pathogens. 2022; 11(12):1525. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11121525
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnastácio, Sofia, Samuel Anjos, Suzi Neves, Tiago Neves, Pedro Esteves, Hélder Craveiro, Bruno Madeira, Maria dos Anjos Pires, Sérgio Sousa, Gabriela da Silva, and et al. 2022. "Coxiella burnetii in Dogs and Cats from Portugal: Serological and Molecular Analysis" Pathogens 11, no. 12: 1525. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11121525
APA StyleAnastácio, S., Anjos, S., Neves, S., Neves, T., Esteves, P., Craveiro, H., Madeira, B., Pires, M. d. A., Sousa, S., da Silva, G., & Vilhena, H. (2022). Coxiella burnetii in Dogs and Cats from Portugal: Serological and Molecular Analysis. Pathogens, 11(12), 1525. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11121525