Potential Hybridization of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in Africa—A Scoping Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Search Strategy
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Charting, Collating, and Summarising Data
3. Results
3.1. Geographical Distribution and Occurrence of F. hepatica and F. gigantica in Africa
3.2. Checklist of Snail Intermediate Hosts of F. hepatica and F. gigantica in Africa
3.3. Occurrence and Identification of Fasciola Hybrids/Aspermic and Suspected Parthenogenetic Fasciola in Africa
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Subregion | Country | Intermediate Host Species Recorded | References |
---|---|---|---|
North Africa | Algeria | G. truncatula | [36,37] |
Egypt | P. columella, R. natalensis, G. truncatula, Bio. alexandrina | [26,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49] | |
Morocco | G. truncatula | [16,50] | |
Tunisia | G. truncatula, Bulinus truncatus | [51,52,53] | |
Central Africa | Cameroon | R. natalensis, P. columella | [54] |
Southern Africa | Botswana | R. auricularia, R. natalensis | [55,56] |
Lesotho | G. truncatula, G. mweruensis | [16,57] | |
Namibia | R. natalensis, P. columella | [58] | |
South Africa | P. columella, R. natalensis, R. auricularia, G. truncatula, R. rubiginosa | [16,23,55,57,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76] | |
Zambia | R. natalensis | [77,78] | |
Zimbabwe | R. natalensis, P. columella | [28,79,80,81] | |
West Africa | Benin | R. natalensis | [82,83] |
Côte d’Ivoire | R. natalensis | [84] | |
Niger | R. natalensis | [85] | |
Nigeria | R. natalensis | [86,87] | |
Senegal | R. natalensis | [88] | |
East Africa | Ethiopia | R. natalensis, G. truncatula, G. mweruensis | [16,89,90,91,92] |
Madagascar | R. natalensis | [93,94] | |
Kenya | R. natalensis, Bio. pfeifferi, Bio. sudanica | [16,95,96,97,98,99] | |
Uganda | R. natalensis, G. truncatula, G. mweruensis | [16,100,101] | |
Tanzania | R. natalensis, Bio. pfeifferi, G. truncatula, G. mweruensis | [16,98,102,103,104] |
Author | Aim/Objective | Country | Host | No. of Specimen | Diagnostic Technique | Characteristics |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[1] | To identify the phenotypic features and genetic characterization of adult fasciolids infecting buffaloes that were studied in Aswan, Egypt. | Egypt | Sheep | 3 | Morphology and molecular |
|
[2] | To molecularly characterize Fasciola flukes using the ITS-1 and 2 nuclear markers to confirm species and any hybrid forms. | Chad | Cattle | 1 | Molecular |
|
[23] | Confirming whether P. columella was transmitting F. gigantica and/or F. hepatica in selected locations of KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. | South Africa | Snail IHs | 1 | Molecular |
|
[28] | Assessed the prevalence of Fasciola sp. infections in the gastropod populations. | Zimbabwe | Snail IHs | 3 | Molecular |
|
[29] | Molecularly ascertain the nature of Fasciola population derived from different hosts and different geographic locations in Egypt. | Egypt | Buffalo | 2 | Molecular |
|
[30] | Morphological and molecular characterization of Fasciola spp. collected from cattle slaughtered at abattoirs located in the two provinces of South Africa, where two species are endemic. | South Africa | Cattle | 17 | Morphology |
|
[105] | To differentiate between the three fasciolid worms encountered in sheep and cattle in Sohag, Egypt, through a simple and rapid PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay, using the common restriction enzymes AvaII based on a 618-bp-long sequence of the 28S rRNA gene. | Egypt | Sheep, cattle | - | Morphology and molecular |
|
[106] | To determine the occurrence rate of Fasciola spp. in sheep as measured by post-mortem examination of slaughtered animals at abattoirs. | Egypt | Buffalo | 2 | Molecular |
|
[107] | To determine the prevalence of fascioliasis in cattle, and to describe the histopathological changes in the liver and lungs. | Egypt | Cattle | 35 | Morphology |
|
[108] | To use sequence analysis of the ITS-2 region of rDNA and highly repetitive DNA sequences to determine the identity and heterogeneity among Fasciola isolated from buffalo, cow, and sheep hosts. | Egypt | Sheep | 1 | Molecular |
|
[109] | Analyzed the morphometric characteristics of fasciolid adults infecting the main livestock species present in the Nile Delta human endemic area. | Egypt | Cattle, buffalo | 126 | Morphology |
|
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Nukeri, S.; Malatji, M.P.; Sengupta, M.E.; Vennervald, B.J.; Stensgaard, A.-S.; Chaisi, M.; Mukaratirwa, S. Potential Hybridization of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in Africa—A Scoping Review. Pathogens 2022, 11, 1303. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111303
Nukeri S, Malatji MP, Sengupta ME, Vennervald BJ, Stensgaard A-S, Chaisi M, Mukaratirwa S. Potential Hybridization of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in Africa—A Scoping Review. Pathogens. 2022; 11(11):1303. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111303
Chicago/Turabian StyleNukeri, Sophy, Mokgadi Pulane Malatji, Mita Eva Sengupta, Birgitte Jyding Vennervald, Anna-Sofie Stensgaard, Mamohale Chaisi, and Samson Mukaratirwa. 2022. "Potential Hybridization of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in Africa—A Scoping Review" Pathogens 11, no. 11: 1303. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111303