Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse Bartonella Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Bat Ectoparasites Sampling, Mixing, and Species Identification
2.2. Bartonella Detection
2.3. Molecular Biological Characteristics of Newly Discovered Bartonella
2.3.1. Identification of Bartonella
2.3.2. Phylogenetic Analyses
3. Discussion
4. Material and Methods
4.1. Ethics Statement
4.2. Sample Collection
4.3. Sample Mixing, Deoxyribonucleic Acid Extraction, and Host Species Identification
4.4. Bartonella Detection and Identification
4.5. Phylogenetic Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ectoparasite Family | Location | Number of Ectoparasites | Number of Mixed Pools | Bartonella PCR | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gltA | ftsZ | rpoB | ITS | ||||
Ischnopsyllidae | Baoshan | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
(Bat flea) | Wanding | 20 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Ixodidae | Mangshi | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
(Bat tick) | Mojiang | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Tengchong | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Spinturnicidae | Mengla | 33 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
(Bat mite) | Menglian | 55 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Mojiang | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Shuangbai | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Streblidae | Baoshan | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
(Bat fly) | Mojiang | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Wanding | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Nycteribiidae | Baoshan | 79 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
(Wingless bat fly) | Mangshi | 19 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Mengla | 43 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Menglian | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Mojiang | 26 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | |
Tengchong | 15 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Wanding | 44 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Xiangyun | 44 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Yongde | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
NO. | Pools | Classification | Strains | Host Species | BLASTn Hits on Known Bartonella (BLAST Nucleotide Identity) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | YNML1/BM02 | Bartonella sp. | YNML1/BM02 | Spinturnicidae sp. | KM030506/Bartonella sp./B23975 (93.42%) |
2 | YNML2/BM03 | Bartonella sp. | YNML2/BM03 | Spinturnicidae sp. | MK140370/Bartonella sp./B44672 (100%) |
3 | YNML2/BM04 | Bartonella sp. | YNML2/BM04 | Spinturnicidae sp. | MK140216/Bartonella sp./110CJ1874312 (100%) |
4 | YNSB/BM06 | Bartonella sp. | YNSB/BM06 | Spinturnicidae sp. | MT362931/Bartonella sp./BE-12 (99.47%) |
5 | YNMS/BT01 | Bartonella sp. | YNMS/BT01 | Ixodes vespertilionis | KX655829/Bartonella sp./SD-70/2015 (98.42%) |
6 | YNWD/BC02 | Bartonella sp. | YNWD/BC02 | Thaumapsylla sp. | KM215691/Bartonella chomelii/Ru55 (88.42%) |
7 | YNWD/BC03 | Bartonella sp. | YNWD/BC03 | Thaumapsylla sp. | FJ589054/Bartonella sp./RT230YN (94.74%) |
8 | YNBS/BF03 | Bartonella sp. | YNBS/BF03 | Eucampsipoda africana | MZ388461/Bartonella sp./UM1a (95.26%) |
9 | YNBS/BF04 | Bartonella sp. | YNBS/BF04 | Eucampsipoda africana | KM030506/Bartonella sp./B23975 (93.42%) |
10 | YNBS/BF06 | Bartonella sp. | YNBS/BF06 | Eucampsipoda africana | MZ388461/Bartonella sp./UM1a (94.99%) |
11 | YNML1/BF11 | Bartonella sp. | YNML1/BF11 | Eucampsipoda sundaica | KM030526/Bartonella sp./B40908 (93.40%) |
12 | YNML1/BF12 | Bartonella sp. | YNML1/BF12 | Eucampsipoda sundaica | KP010193/Bartonella sp./KEL17 (93.16%) |
13 | YNML2/BF13 | Bartonella sp. | YNML2/BF13 | Phthiridium sp. | KP100360/Bartonella sp./B110 (95.26%) |
14 | YNMJ/BF15 | Bartonella sp. | YNMJ/BF15 | Nycteribiidae sp. | KM030503/Bartonella sp./B23797 (97.89%) |
15 | YNMJ/BF16 | Bartonella sp. | YNMJ/BF16 | Nycteribiidae sp. | MT362931/Bartonella sp./BE-12 (98.94%) |
16 | YNTC/BF17 | Bartonella sp. | YNTC/BF17 | Nycteribia sp. | KX655829/Bartonella sp./SD-70/2015 (98.68%) |
17 | YNWD/BF23 | Bartonella sp. | YNWD/BF23 | Eucampsipoda africana | KM030506/Bartonella sp./B23975 (93.42%) |
18 | YNXY/BF24 | Bartonella sp. | YNXY/BF24 | Penicillidia monoceros | KX655829/Bartonella sp./SD-70/2015 (99.47%) |
19 | YNXY/BF27 | Bartonella sp. | YNXY/BF27 | Nycteribia sp. | KX655829/Bartonella sp./SD-70/2015 (94.99%) |
20 | YNYD/BF28 | Bartonella sp. | YNYD/BF28 | Phthiridium sp. | KP100348/Bartonella sp./B056 (95.79%) |
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Kuang, G.; Zhang, J.; Yang, W.; Pan, H.; Han, X.; Yang, L.; Wang, J.; Yang, T.; Song, Z.; Feng, Y.; et al. Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse Bartonella Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China. Pathogens 2022, 11, 1283. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111283
Kuang G, Zhang J, Yang W, Pan H, Han X, Yang L, Wang J, Yang T, Song Z, Feng Y, et al. Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse Bartonella Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China. Pathogens. 2022; 11(11):1283. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111283
Chicago/Turabian StyleKuang, Guopeng, Jing Zhang, Weihong Yang, Hong Pan, Xi Han, Lifen Yang, Juan Wang, Tian Yang, Zhizhong Song, Yun Feng, and et al. 2022. "Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse Bartonella Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China" Pathogens 11, no. 11: 1283. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111283