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Pathogens
Volume 10
Issue 3
10.3390/pathogens10030368
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Article

Impact of Individual Viral Gene Segments from Influenza A/H5N8 Virus on the Protective Efficacy of Inactivated Subtype-Specific Influenza Vaccine

by
Yassmin Moatasim
1,†,
Ahmed Kandeil
1,†,
Ahmed Mostafa
1,
Omnia Kutkat
1,
Mohamed El Sayes
1,
Ahmed N. El Taweel
1,
Maha AlKhazindar
2,
Elsayed T. AbdElSalam
2,
Rabeh El-Shesheny
1,3,
Ghazi Kayali
4,5,* and
Mohamed A. Ali
1,*
1
Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, National Research Centre, Environmental Research Division, Giza 12622, Egypt
2
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamaa Street, Giza 12613, Egypt
3
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
4
Human Link, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
5
Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Contributed equally as first authors.
Academic Editors: El-Sayed Mohammed Abdel-Whab and Xuguang Li
Pathogens 2021, 10(3), 368; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10030368
Received: 5 January 2021 / Revised: 15 March 2021 / Accepted: 16 March 2021 / Published: 19 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Collection Feature Papers in Viral Pathogens)
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Abstract

Since its emergence in 2014, the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 virus has continuously and rapidly spread worldwide in the poultry sector resulting in huge economic losses. A typical inactivated H5N8 vaccine is prepared using the six internal genes from A/PR8/1934 (H1N1) and the two major antigenic proteins (HA and NA) from the circulating H5N8 strain with the HA modified to a low pathogenic form (PR8HA/NA-H5N8). The contribution of the other internal proteins from H5N8, either individually or in combination, to the overall protective efficacy of PR8-based H5N8 vaccine has not been investigated. Using reverse genetics, a set of PR8-based vaccines expressing the individual proteins from an H5N8 strain were rescued and compared to the parent PR8 and low pathogenic H5N8 strains and the commonly used PR8HA/NA-H5N8. Except for the PR8-based vaccine strains expressing the HA of H5N8, none of the rescued combinations could efficiently elicit virus-neutralizing antibodies. Compared to PR8, the non-HA viral proteins provided some protection to infected chickens six days post infection. We assume that this late protection was related to cell-based immunity rather than antibody-mediated immunity. This may explain the slight advantage of using full low pathogenic H5N8 instead of PR8HA/NA-H5N8 to improve protection by both the innate and the humoral arms of the immune system. View Full-Text
Keywords: PR8-based influenza vaccine; innate immunity; humoral immunity; vaccine efficacy; H5N8 PR8-based influenza vaccine; innate immunity; humoral immunity; vaccine efficacy; H5N8
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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MDPI and ACS Style

Moatasim, Y.; Kandeil, A.; Mostafa, A.; Kutkat, O.; Sayes, M.E.; El Taweel, A.N.; AlKhazindar, M.; AbdElSalam, E.T.; El-Shesheny, R.; Kayali, G.; Ali, M.A. Impact of Individual Viral Gene Segments from Influenza A/H5N8 Virus on the Protective Efficacy of Inactivated Subtype-Specific Influenza Vaccine. Pathogens 2021, 10, 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10030368

AMA Style

Moatasim Y, Kandeil A, Mostafa A, Kutkat O, Sayes ME, El Taweel AN, AlKhazindar M, AbdElSalam ET, El-Shesheny R, Kayali G, Ali MA. Impact of Individual Viral Gene Segments from Influenza A/H5N8 Virus on the Protective Efficacy of Inactivated Subtype-Specific Influenza Vaccine. Pathogens. 2021; 10(3):368. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10030368

Chicago/Turabian Style

Moatasim, Yassmin, Ahmed Kandeil, Ahmed Mostafa, Omnia Kutkat, Mohamed E. Sayes, Ahmed N. El Taweel, Maha AlKhazindar, Elsayed T. AbdElSalam, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Ghazi Kayali, and Mohamed A. Ali. 2021. "Impact of Individual Viral Gene Segments from Influenza A/H5N8 Virus on the Protective Efficacy of Inactivated Subtype-Specific Influenza Vaccine" Pathogens 10, no. 3: 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10030368

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