Current Prevalence of Oral Helicobacter pylori among Japanese Adults Determined Using a Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Relative Frequencies by Sex, Age and Medical History
2.2. Relative Frequencies by Sampling Site and after Eradication Therapy
2.3. Accuracy of the Nested PCR Method
2.4. Detection Limits for Single-Step and Nested PCR
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Participants
4.2. Sampling
4.3. DNA Extraction and Nested PCR
4.4. Sequencing of Nested PCR Products
4.5. Examination of the Detection Limit of the Single-Step and Nested PCR Methods
4.6. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Male | Female | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
N (%) | 34 (38.6) | 54 (61.4) | 88 (100) |
Age | |||
Mean ± SD | 46.7 ± 20.8 | 55.2 ± 20.4 | 52.1 ± 20.8 |
Medical history N (%) | |||
Gastric infection carrier | 0 (0) | 3 (0.06) | 3 (0.03) |
Received eradication therapy | 3 (0.09) | 9 (0.17) | 12 (0.14) |
Experience not required | 31 (91.2) | 42 (77.8) | 73 (83.0) |
Individuals (Positive/Total) | Prevalence (%) | p | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
Male | 10/34 | 29.4 | |
Female | 22/54 | 40.7 | 0.364 |
Generation (age) | |||
Young (24 to 34) | 6/28 | 21.4 | |
Middle-aged (35 to 64) | 14/29 | 48.3 | |
Elderly (64 to 91) | 12/31 | 38.7 | 0.103 |
Individuals (Positive/Total) | Prevalence (%) | p | |
---|---|---|---|
Medical history | |||
Gastric infection carrier | 3/3 | 100 | |
Received eradication therapy | 9/12 | 75.0 | |
Experience not required | 20/73 | 27.4 | 0.02 |
Individuals (Positive/Total) | Prevalence (%) | OR | |
---|---|---|---|
Supragingival biofilm | |||
Lower incisor | 19/88 | 21.6 | 24.0 |
Upper incisor | 14/88 | 15.9 | 16.5 |
Lower left molar | 3/88 | 3.4 | 3.1 |
Upper right molar | 1/88 | 1.1 | 1 |
Saliva | 4/88 | 4.5 | |
Tongue | 2/88 | 2.3 |
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Nagata, R.; Ohsumi, T.; Takenaka, S.; Noiri, Y. Current Prevalence of Oral Helicobacter pylori among Japanese Adults Determined Using a Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay. Pathogens 2021, 10, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10010010
Nagata R, Ohsumi T, Takenaka S, Noiri Y. Current Prevalence of Oral Helicobacter pylori among Japanese Adults Determined Using a Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay. Pathogens. 2021; 10(1):10. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10010010
Chicago/Turabian StyleNagata, Ryoko, Tatsuya Ohsumi, Shoji Takenaka, and Yuichiro Noiri. 2021. "Current Prevalence of Oral Helicobacter pylori among Japanese Adults Determined Using a Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay" Pathogens 10, no. 1: 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10010010