Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants in Greece and Italy: Language Requirements and Learning Opportunities in L2 Greek and L2 Italian
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Language & KoS Requirements and Language-Learning Opportunities: The Italian Context
2.1. An Overview
2.2. Language and KoS Requirements
2.3. Language-Learning Opportunities
3. Language & KoS Requirements and Language-Learning Opportunities: The Greek Context
3.1. An Overview
3.2. Language and KoS Requirements
3.3. Language-Learning Opportunities
4. Comparative Analysis and Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
1 | The purpose of the 2018 survey presented in this 2020 report has been to map the language and KoS requirements, as well as the learning opportunities, provided for migrants5 in the Council of Europe member states. To date the Council of Europe has carried out 4 surveys among its member states on policy and practice relating to the linguistic integration of adult migrants and available material may be found here: https://www.coe.int/it/web/lang-migrants/surveys (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
2 | Available online: https://rm.coe.int/CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/DisplayDCTMContent?documentId=09000016802fc1ce (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
3 | Available online: https://data2.unhcr.org/en/situations/mediterranean/location/5205 (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
4 | This paper presents the Italian context referring to the last “Migration dossier”, published by IDOS and related to the situation at the date of 1st January, 2022. In addition, with particular regard to the refugees’ fluxes, the current scenario is addressed, thanks to official data collected at the date of 17 August 2023. |
5 | See ISTAT publication available here: https://www.istat.it/it/files//2022/12/CENSIMENTO-E-DINAMICA-DEMOGRAFICA-2021.pdf (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
6 | Available online: https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2011/11/11/011G0221/sg (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
7 | Common European Framework for Languages Scale A1-C2. CEFR from now on (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
8 | Available online: https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2022/02/12/22A01025/sg (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
9 | Available online: https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2018/10/04/18G00140/sg (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
10 | Centri Provinciali per l’Istruzione degli Adulti, Provincial Centers for Adult Education, State schools depending by MIM, the Ministry of Education. |
11 | Data from the Ministry of Migration and Asylum-August 2023: https://t.ly/FJ9WE (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
12 | Available online: https://t.ly/FJ9WE (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
13 | Knowldege of Society-KoS. |
14 | Available online: https://help.unhcr.org/greece/living-in-greece/access-to-education/ (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
15 | Available online: https://migration.gov.gr/en/migration-policy/integration/draseis-koinonikis-entaxis-se-ethniko-epipedo/mathimata-ellinikis-glossas (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
16 | See in detail https://www.mipex.eu/key-findings (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
17 | For more information about the development and validation of LAPIM, see Carlsen and Rocca (2023) and https://www.hvl.no/en/research/project/impect/news-and-events/ (accessed on 25 November 2023). |
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ITALY | GREECE | |
---|---|---|
Entry Language Requirements | No Requirement | No Requirement |
Language Level Requirement/Exam for Temporary Residency | A2 (Speaking) with KoS content related to daily life | No Requirement |
Language Level Requirement/Exam for Permanent/Long-Term Residency | A2 | A2 |
Language Level Requirement/Exam for Citizenship | B1 | B1 |
KoS Test | No Requirement | Requirement for both Permanent Residency and Citizenship |
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Mouti, A.; Rocca, L. Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants in Greece and Italy: Language Requirements and Learning Opportunities in L2 Greek and L2 Italian. Soc. Sci. 2023, 12, 668. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12120668
Mouti A, Rocca L. Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants in Greece and Italy: Language Requirements and Learning Opportunities in L2 Greek and L2 Italian. Social Sciences. 2023; 12(12):668. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12120668
Chicago/Turabian StyleMouti, Anna, and Lorenzo Rocca. 2023. "Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants in Greece and Italy: Language Requirements and Learning Opportunities in L2 Greek and L2 Italian" Social Sciences 12, no. 12: 668. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12120668