Value Consistency across Relational Roles and Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Self-Concept Clarity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Personal Values
1.2. The Present Study
- To explore the intraindividual value consistency across relevant relational roles (i.e., relationships with parents, friends, and partners) in a group of Italian young adults. Family relationships, friendships, and romantic relationships are among the most significant relationships in individuals’ development and lives (Clark and Graham 2005; Demir 2010);
- To analyse the relationships between value consistency, self-concept clarity, and the satisfaction of psychological needs, namely autonomy (volition and freedom in choice and actions), competence (the feelings of self-efficacy in pursuing desired outcomes), and relatedness (the feeling of being accepted and loved). According to the Basic Psychological Need Theory (BPNT), one of the six mini-theories within the Self-Determination Theory (SDT; Deci and Ryan 2000; Ryan and Deci 2017), these basic psychological needs are prerequisites of human growth that allow reaching an endured hedonic and eudemonic wellbeing (Deci and Ryan 2000; Ryan and Deci 2017). Indeed, several studies highlighted that basic psychological needs satisfaction was related to high levels of both psychological and physical wellbeing (Campbell et al. 2015; Chen et al. 2015a; Quested et al. 2018), and to greater relational satisfaction and vitality (Brenning et al. 2015). Specifically, we aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-concept clarity in the relationship between value consistency and basic psychological needs satisfaction.
2. Method
2.1. Participants and Procedure
2.2. Measures
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
1 | The higher prevalence of women than men reflected that most participants were recruited through the collaboration of human and social sciences departments of several universities, which had a higher prevalence of female students. We firstly recruited university students and then, through a snowball sampling, we involved other young adults, with whom the students did not have a romantic or close friendship relationship. |
2 | The careless responding bias refers to low accuracy in providing responses, because participants may not carefully read the item content (Bowling et al. 2016; Meade and Craig 2012). Following the guidelines of Ward and Meade (2018) based on the cognitive dissonance theory (Aronson et al. 1991; Stone et al. 1994), to limit this bias we added to the survey instructions that made salient the amount of work and time needed to develop a psychological questionnaire. On the same webpage, participants were asked to fill out three statements related to their commitment to the survey (e.g., I acknowledge that this study will take approximately 30 min). We also added a control item in the middle of the survey (i.e., ‘This is a control item. Please select “strongly disagree”’). Moreover, at the end of the survey, we asked participants to tell us (dichotomous response: yes–no) if their responses were accurate and truthful. Finally, we randomised the order of the scales. |
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Son/Daughter | Friend | Partner | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Benevolence | ||||
Honesty | 5.13 (0.96) | 5.65 (0.61) | 5.69 (0.66) | |
Helpfulness | 5.09 (0.95) | 5.54 (0.67) | 5.66 (0.58) | |
Forgiveness | 4.71 (1.08) | 4.82 (0.98) | 5.10 (0.82) | |
Achievement | ||||
Competence | 5.05 (1.00) | 4.24 (1.06) | 4.62 (1.08) | |
Ambition | 4.73 (1.15) | 3.81 (1.23) | 4.45 (1.23) | |
Success | 4.05 (1.24) | 3.19 (1.19) | 3.20 (1.36) | |
Conformity | ||||
Obedience | 3.37 (1.20) | 3.37 (1.19) | 3.61 (1.28) | |
Politeness | 5.43 (0.83) | 5.25 (0.78) | 5.49 (0.72) | |
Self-discipline | 5.14 (0.91) | 3.47 (1.18) | 4.79 (1.11) | |
Self-direction | ||||
Curiosity | 4.77 (1.03) | 4.54 (0.99) | 4.98 (1.28) | |
Creativeness | 4.19 (1.85) | 4.24 (1.03) | 4.77 (1.05) | |
Freedom | 5.44 (0.78) | 5.38 (0.76) | 5.38 (0.80) |
1 | 2 | 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
1. Value consistency | - | 0.19 ** | 0.16 * |
2. SCC | - | 0.53 ** | |
3. BPNS | - | ||
Mean | 2.31 | 4.22 | 4.01 |
SD | 1.11 | 0.74 | 0.58 |
Skewness | 0.11 | −0.10 | −0.81 |
Kurtosis | −0.08 | −0.31 | 1.76 |
Range | −0.59–5.57 | 2–6 | 1.25–5.00 |
Effects | BPNS |
---|---|
Total | 0.186 [0.05, 0.28] |
Indirect | 0.148 [0.05, 0.21] |
Direct | 0.038 [−0.07, 0.14] |
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Russo, C.; Barni, D.; Zagrean, I.; Danioni, F. Value Consistency across Relational Roles and Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Self-Concept Clarity. Soc. Sci. 2021, 10, 291. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10080291
Russo C, Barni D, Zagrean I, Danioni F. Value Consistency across Relational Roles and Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Self-Concept Clarity. Social Sciences. 2021; 10(8):291. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10080291
Chicago/Turabian StyleRusso, Claudia, Daniela Barni, Ioana Zagrean, and Francesca Danioni. 2021. "Value Consistency across Relational Roles and Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Self-Concept Clarity" Social Sciences 10, no. 8: 291. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10080291
APA StyleRusso, C., Barni, D., Zagrean, I., & Danioni, F. (2021). Value Consistency across Relational Roles and Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Self-Concept Clarity. Social Sciences, 10(8), 291. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10080291