Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter Examination of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 after Different Heat Treatments
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The FIMEC Test
3. Material and Experimental Procedure
4. Results
4.1. Microstructure Characterization
4.2. FIMEC Results
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
- FIMEC is capable of detecting changes of yield stress induced by the precipitation of small SP amounts (~1%);
- It is also sensitive to the specific σ phase morphology (“coral-like” or bulky structures).
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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T (°C) | 750 | 850 | 900 | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t (h) | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 10 |
α grain size (μm) | 23 | 20 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 15 | 10 | 8 | 5 | - | 20 | 17 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
γ grain size (μm) | 70 | 75 | 82 | 85 | 90 | 75 | 80 | 88 | 93 | 99 | 72 | 76 | 85 | 87 | 92 |
α (%) | 45.0 | 33.0 | 22.9 | 20.5 | 17.4 | 34.0 | 26.0 | 13.2 | 4.4 | 0 | 38.0 | 30.0 | 21.0 | 12.0 | 4.0 |
γ (%) | 53.9 | 64.2 | 66.9 | 66.9 | 66.1 | 56.1 | 60.0 | 67.6 | 73.4 | 74.4 | 60.6 | 67.0 | 67.8 | 72.0 | 74.1 |
SPs (%) | 1.1 | 2.8 | 10.2 | 12.6 | 16.5 | 9.9 | 14.0 | 19.2 | 22.2 | 25.6 | 1.4 | 3.0 | 11.2 | 16.0 | 21.9 |
Sdv | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.4 |
T (°C) | 750 | 850 | 900 | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t (h) | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 10 |
qy (MPa) | 535 | 567 | 669 | 692 | 725 | 635 | 681 | 764 | 828 | 815 | 492 | 521 | 624 | 696 | 730 |
HV | 253 | 262 | 279 | 301 | 320 | 278 | 310 | 329 | 340 | 352 | 256 | 264 | 285 | 310 | 340 |
SPs (%) | 1.1 | 2.82 | 10.2 | 12.6 | 16.5 | 9.9 | 14.0 | 19.2 | 22.2 | 25.6 | 1.4 | 3.0 | 11.2 | 16.0 | 21.9 |
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Angella, G.; Fava, A.; Montanari, R.; Richetta, M.; Varone, A. Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter Examination of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 after Different Heat Treatments. Metals 2017, 7, 178. https://doi.org/10.3390/met7050178
Angella G, Fava A, Montanari R, Richetta M, Varone A. Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter Examination of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 after Different Heat Treatments. Metals. 2017; 7(5):178. https://doi.org/10.3390/met7050178
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngella, Giuliano, Alessandra Fava, Roberto Montanari, Maria Richetta, and Alessandra Varone. 2017. "Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter Examination of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 after Different Heat Treatments" Metals 7, no. 5: 178. https://doi.org/10.3390/met7050178