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Metals
Volume 15
Issue 8
10.3390/met15080925
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Communication

Effect of HfC Content on the Elevated-Temperature Ablation Behavior of W-HfC Composites

by
Boyuan Zheng
1,
Chaoqian Song
1,
Yidong Wu
1,*,
Zhong Du
2,*,
Liye Du
2,
Baohong Zhang
2 and
Xidong Hui
1
1
State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2
Advanced Technology & Materials Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Metals 2025, 15(8), 925; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15080925 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 21 May 2025 / Revised: 13 August 2025 / Accepted: 19 August 2025 / Published: 21 August 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

The effects of HfC content on the ablation resistance of W-HfC composites were systematically studied. The oxy-acetylene flame ablation test was conducted at 2800 °C. Post-ablation samples were characterized via XRD, section morphology, and EDS. W-10HfC showed the best ablation resistance, with a linear ablation rate of just 0.0175 mm/s. This enhanced performance is attributed to the formation of a dense HfW2O8 oxide layer with negative thermal expansion properties, reinforced by uniformly dispersed blocky HfO2 particles. However, excessive HfC content induces a stratified oxide structure. The thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between HfW2O8 and HfO2 causes microcrack formation, ultimately degrading ablation resistance. These findings establish critical guidelines for HfC content optimization in W-HfC composite design.
Keywords: tungsten matrix composites; hafnium carbide particles; ablation resistance; microstructure tungsten matrix composites; hafnium carbide particles; ablation resistance; microstructure

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zheng, B.; Song, C.; Wu, Y.; Du, Z.; Du, L.; Zhang, B.; Hui, X. Effect of HfC Content on the Elevated-Temperature Ablation Behavior of W-HfC Composites. Metals 2025, 15, 925. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15080925

AMA Style

Zheng B, Song C, Wu Y, Du Z, Du L, Zhang B, Hui X. Effect of HfC Content on the Elevated-Temperature Ablation Behavior of W-HfC Composites. Metals. 2025; 15(8):925. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15080925

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zheng, Boyuan, Chaoqian Song, Yidong Wu, Zhong Du, Liye Du, Baohong Zhang, and Xidong Hui. 2025. "Effect of HfC Content on the Elevated-Temperature Ablation Behavior of W-HfC Composites" Metals 15, no. 8: 925. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15080925

APA Style

Zheng, B., Song, C., Wu, Y., Du, Z., Du, L., Zhang, B., & Hui, X. (2025). Effect of HfC Content on the Elevated-Temperature Ablation Behavior of W-HfC Composites. Metals, 15(8), 925. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15080925

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