Coaches’ Health Promotion Activity and Substance Use in Youth Sports
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Substance Use in Sports Clubs
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. The Sample and Data Collection
4.2. Measurements
4.2.1. Substance Use Variables
4.2.2. Descriptive Variables
4.2.3. Sports Specific Variables
4.3. Data Analysis
4.4. Ethical Issues
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Girls | Chi-Square | Boys | Chi-Square | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NSCM | SCM | p-Value | NSCM | SCM | p-Value | ||
n = 511 | n = 572 | n = 402 | n = 628 | n = 2113 | |||
Alcohol Experience | <0.001 | 0.612 | |||||
No experience | 38.0 | 49.5 | 46.5 | 44.9 | 44.8 | ||
Experienced | 62.0 | 50.5 | 53.5 | 55.1 | 55.2 | ||
Smoking Experience | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||
No experience | 56.8 | 78.0 | 57.7 | 71.7 | 67.1 | ||
Experienced | 43.2 | 22.0 | 42.3 | 28.3 | 32.9 | ||
Experience with Snuff | <0.001 | 0.434 | |||||
No experience | 86.5 | 93.0 | 70.1 | 67.8 | 79.6 | ||
Experienced | 13.5 | 7.0 | 29.9 | 32.2 | 20.4 |
Alcohol | Smoking | Snuff | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | LCI | UCI | OR | LCI | UCI | OR | LCI | UCI | |
Gender | |||||||||
Girl | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
Boy | 0.81 | 0.67 | 0.98 | 0.86 | 0.70 | 1.06 | 3.40 | 2.63 | 4.40 |
Academic Grade | |||||||||
High (>9.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
Moderate (7.5–8.9) | 1.93 | 1.54 | 2.41 | 2.25 | 1.69 | 2.99 | 2.35 | 1.61 | 3.44 |
Low (<7.4) | 3.92 | 2.77 | 5.55 | 5.24 | 3.60 | 7.63 | 6.78 | 4.27 | 10.77 |
Sports Club Member | |||||||||
Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
No | 0.97 | 0.78 | 1.24 | 1.67 | 1.24 | 1.99 | 0.93 | 0.70 | 1.23 |
Alcohol | Smoking | Snuff | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | LCI | UCI | OR | LCI | UCI | OR | LCI | UCI | |
Gender | |||||||||
Girls | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
Boys | 1.29 | 0.85 | 1.74 | 0.90 | 0.57 | 1.44 | 5.61 | 2.94 | 10.70 |
Academic Grade | |||||||||
High (>9.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
Moderate (7.5–8.9) | 1.79 | 1.23 | 2.62 | 2.23 | 1.29 | 3.87 | 2.88 | 1.49 | 5.57 |
Low (<7.4) | 2.50 | 1.24 | 5.06 | 4.71 | 2.09 | 10.62 | 7.78 | 3.07 | 19.74 |
Coach Health Promotion | |||||||||
None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
Seldom | 1.20 | 0.85 | 1.72 | 0.97 | 0.61 | 1.55 | 1.06 | 0.63 | 1.77 |
Often | 1.80 | 1.09 | 2.98 | 1.77 | 1.02 | 3.08 | 2.59 | 1.43 | 4.70 |
Sport Type | |||||||||
Individual | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
Team | 1.32 | 0.93 | 1.89 | 1.43 | 0.88 | 2.32 | 1.78 | 1.01 | 3.14 |
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Ng, K.; Mäkelä, K.; Parkkari, J.; Kannas, L.; Vasankari, T.; Heinonen, O.J.; Savonen, K.; Alanko, L.; Korpelainen, R.; Selänne, H.; et al. Coaches’ Health Promotion Activity and Substance Use in Youth Sports. Societies 2017, 7, 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc7020004
Ng K, Mäkelä K, Parkkari J, Kannas L, Vasankari T, Heinonen OJ, Savonen K, Alanko L, Korpelainen R, Selänne H, et al. Coaches’ Health Promotion Activity and Substance Use in Youth Sports. Societies. 2017; 7(2):4. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc7020004
Chicago/Turabian StyleNg, Kwok, Kasper Mäkelä, Jari Parkkari, Lasse Kannas, Tommi Vasankari, Olli J. Heinonen, Kai Savonen, Lauri Alanko, Raija Korpelainen, Harri Selänne, and et al. 2017. "Coaches’ Health Promotion Activity and Substance Use in Youth Sports" Societies 7, no. 2: 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc7020004
APA StyleNg, K., Mäkelä, K., Parkkari, J., Kannas, L., Vasankari, T., Heinonen, O. J., Savonen, K., Alanko, L., Korpelainen, R., Selänne, H., Villberg, J., & Kokko, S. (2017). Coaches’ Health Promotion Activity and Substance Use in Youth Sports. Societies, 7(2), 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc7020004