Effect of Sports and Growth on Hamstrings and Quadriceps Development in Young Female Athletes: Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Instrumentations
2.4. Procedures
2.5. Data Reduction
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Demographics | Figure Skaters (N = 73) | Soccer Players (N = 115) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 13.8 ± 3.3 | 13.8 ± 1.9 | 0.937 |
Height (cm) | 154.7 ± 15.7 | 161.4 ± 10.5 | 0.007* |
Body Mass (kg) | 49.7 ± 14.0 | 54.1 ± 10.7 | 0.016* |
BMI | 19.9 ± 3.4 | 20.9 ± 4.9 | 0.395 |
Strength and Ratio by Age | Figure Skaters (N = 73) | Soccer Players (N = 115) | p-Value | Effect Size | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hamstrings Strength (N/Kg) | 2.67 (2.55, 2.79) | 2.38 (2.26, 2.50) | 0.001* | 0.061† | |
Age§ | <12 years | 2.37 (2.15, 2.59) | 2.17 (1.99, 2.36) | 0.003* | 0.062† |
13–16 years | 2.72 (2.55, 2.90) | 2.46 (2.34, 2,58) | |||
>17 years | 2.93 (2.66, 3.19) | 2.49 (2.19, 2.80) | |||
Quadriceps Strength (N/Kg) | 4.12 (3.88, 4,36) | 4.05 (3.82, 4.29) | 0.700 | 0.001 | |
Age | <12 years | 3.83 (3.38, 4,38) | 3.90 (3.53, 4.23) | 0.317 | 0.013‡ |
13–16 years | 4.17 (3.82, 4.52) | 4.14 (3.90, 4.37) | |||
>17 years | 4.36 (3.84, 4.88) | 4.13 (3.54, 4.73) | |||
H:Q Ratio | 0.61 (0.54, 0.68) | 0.58 (0.52, 0.64) | 0.022* | 0.029‡ | |
Age | < 12 years | 0.61 (0.54, 0.68) | 0.58 (0.52, 0.64) | 0.161 | 0.020‡ |
13-16 years | 0.69 (0.63, 0.74) | 0.61 (0.58, 0.65) | |||
> 17 years | 0.72 (0.64, 0.80) | 0.63 (0.53, 0.72) |
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Sugimoto, D.; Borg, D.R.; Brilliant, A.N.; Meehan, W.P., III; Micheli, L.J.; Geminiani, E.T. Effect of Sports and Growth on Hamstrings and Quadriceps Development in Young Female Athletes: Cross-Sectional Study. Sports 2019, 7, 158. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7070158
Sugimoto D, Borg DR, Brilliant AN, Meehan WP III, Micheli LJ, Geminiani ET. Effect of Sports and Growth on Hamstrings and Quadriceps Development in Young Female Athletes: Cross-Sectional Study. Sports. 2019; 7(7):158. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7070158
Chicago/Turabian StyleSugimoto, Dai, Dennis R. Borg, Anna N. Brilliant, William P. Meehan, III, Lyle J. Micheli, and Ellen T. Geminiani. 2019. "Effect of Sports and Growth on Hamstrings and Quadriceps Development in Young Female Athletes: Cross-Sectional Study" Sports 7, no. 7: 158. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7070158