The Midgut Microbiota of Colombian Aedes aegypti Populations with Different Levels of Resistance to the Insecticide Lambda-cyhalothrin
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Mosquito Collections
2.2. Determination of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Resistance Profile of Larvae
2.3. Allele-Specific PCR (AS-PCR) for the kdr Mutation V1016I
2.4. Generation of Axenic Adult Mosquitoes
2.5. Preparation of Genomic DNA, and Library for Metagenome 16S Sequencing
2.6. Statistical Analyses
2.7. Bacterial Diversity
2.8. Taxonomic Annotation and Relative Abundance of Taxa
2.9. Data Accessibility
3. Results
3.1. Mosquito Populations from Colombia Show Different Susceptibility Profiles to Lambda-Cyhalothrin
3.2. Genotyping of kdr Mutation V1016I
3.3. Axenic Adult Mosquitoes are More Susceptible to Lambda-Cyhalothrin
3.4. Metagenome Analyses
3.5. Alpha and Beta Diversity Analyses
3.6. Taxonomic Composition and Abundance Analyses
3.7. The Abundance Analyses Revealed Significant Differences Between Bacteria from Lambda-Cyhalothrin-Resistant and -Susceptible Mosquitoes
4. Discussion
4.1. Evidence of High Resistance Ratio (RR) to Lambda-Cyhalothrin in Colombian Populations of Ae. aegypti
4.2. Lambda-Cyhalothrin Resistance is Partially Explained by the 1016I Mutation
4.3. Midgut-Associated Bacteria Participate in the Resistance to Lambda-Cyhalothrin in Ae. aegypti
4.4. Aedes aegypti Midgut from Colombia Presented a Core Microbiota, Inter-Individual Variation, and Low Bacterial Diversity
4.5. Bacterial Taxa Associated with Lambda-Cyhalothrin-Resistant and -Susceptible Ae. aegypti Populations
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cities | RR50 | Phenotype |
---|---|---|
Bello (B) | 1.97 | Susceptible |
Puerto Bogota (P) | 9.14 | Moderate Resistant |
Neiva (N) | 10.55 | High Resistant |
Honda (H) | 11.81 | High Resistant |
Cucuta (C) | 21.09 | High Resistant |
Acacias (A) | 31.64 | High Resistant |
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Arévalo-Cortés, A.; Mejia-Jaramillo, A.M.; Granada, Y.; Coatsworth, H.; Lowenberger, C.; Triana-Chavez, O. The Midgut Microbiota of Colombian Aedes aegypti Populations with Different Levels of Resistance to the Insecticide Lambda-cyhalothrin. Insects 2020, 11, 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11090584
Arévalo-Cortés A, Mejia-Jaramillo AM, Granada Y, Coatsworth H, Lowenberger C, Triana-Chavez O. The Midgut Microbiota of Colombian Aedes aegypti Populations with Different Levels of Resistance to the Insecticide Lambda-cyhalothrin. Insects. 2020; 11(9):584. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11090584
Chicago/Turabian StyleArévalo-Cortés, Andrea, Ana M. Mejia-Jaramillo, Yurany Granada, Heather Coatsworth, Carl Lowenberger, and Omar Triana-Chavez. 2020. "The Midgut Microbiota of Colombian Aedes aegypti Populations with Different Levels of Resistance to the Insecticide Lambda-cyhalothrin" Insects 11, no. 9: 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11090584