Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Bogie Gearbox Bearings Under Typical Wheel-Rail Excitation
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Construction of a Dynamic Model for Bogie Gearbox Bearings Under Wheel-Rail Excitations
2.1. Dynamic Model of Bogie Gearbox Bearing
2.2. Bearing Dynamic Differential Equations
- (1)
- Differential Equation of Rolling Element Motion
- (2)
- The differential equation of the cage’s motion
- (3)
- The differential equation of the outer ring’s motion
- (4)
- The differential equation of the inner ring’s motion
2.3. Bogie Wheel-Rail Coupling Dynamic Modeling and Wheel-Rail Excitation Load
- (1)
- The concentrated mass model is used in the car body, taking into account only its mass and inertia.
- (2)
- Components of the bogie system are associated using corresponding force elements.
- (3)
- The transmission system is modeled using high and controlled active transmission installed via 25# geometric elements, and the characteristics of the grid between large and small gears are simulated using the force supply element 225#.
- (4)
- Based on the topology of the vehicle model and the association between the body and the bogie of the car, a complete model of the rigid body of the train is obtained by calling the bogie substructure model and clarifying it in the car body model.
- (5)
- The track model adopts the CN60 rail type, with the wheel tread profile set as LMA. Track irregularity excitation is based on the measured “Wuhan–Guangzhou” track excitation spectrum (hereinafter referred to as the “Wu-Guang spectrum”).
3. Example Parameters and Model Validation
4. Dynamic Analysis of Gearbox Bearings Under Wheel-Rail Excitation
4.1. Variation Patterns of Internal Contact Forces in Bearings Under Wheel-Rail Excitations
4.2. Dynamic Characteristics of Bearings Under Wheel-Rail Excitation
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- Wheel polygonal excitation causes multiple impacts between the rolling element and the outer ring. As the polygonal order increases from the first to the fifth order, the number of impacts between the rolling elements and the outer ring also increases, leading to more frequent contact. An increase in polygonal order also results in a higher contact load between the rolling elements and the outer ring. Compared to the case without excitation, the contact load under the fifth-order wheel polygonal excitation increases by 308%. On the other hand, an increase in polygonal amplitude only leads to an increase in the contact load between the rolling element and the outer ring. Compared to the case without excitation, when the amplitude of the third-order wheel polygonal excitation increases from 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm, the contact load increases by 162%.
- (2)
- When the coupling effect of wheel polygonal excitation and track irregularity excitation occurs, the contact load between the rolling element and the outer ring is greater than when each excitation acts independently. Compared to the case of third-order wheel polygonal excitation alone and track irregularity excitation alone, the contact load under coupled excitation increases by 22% and 72%, respectively.
- (3)
- Wheel polygonal excitation increases the vibration of the bearing’s inner ring, outer ring, and cage. As the polygonal order increases from the first to the fifth order and the amplitude increases from 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm, the RMS values of vibration for the bearing inner ring, outer ring, and cage also increase accordingly.
- (4)
- Track irregularity excitation further increases the vibration of the bearing. However, due to the low-frequency nature of track irregularity excitation, its impact on the RMS vibration of the bearing is more significant under the first two orders of wheel polygonal excitation.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Inner raceway diameter, mm | 83.5 |
Outer raceway diameter, mm | 113.5 |
Pitch circle diameter, mm | 98.5 |
Rolling element diameter, mm | 15 |
Number of rolling elements | 17 |
Radial clearance, mm | 0.05 |
Contact angle, ° | 0 |
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Bogie frame mass, kg | 31,320 |
Wheelset mass, kg | 1752 |
Wheelset inner distance, mm | 1353 |
Wheel diameter, mm | 860 |
Primary suspension horizontal stiffness, MN/m | 0.919 |
Primary suspension vertical stiffness, MN/m | 0.886 |
Primary vertical damper damping, kN·s/m | 10 |
Secondary air spring horizontal stiffness, MN/m | 0.125 |
Secondary air spring vertical stiffness, MN/m | 0.182 |
Secondary lateral damping, kN·s/m | 58.8 |
Secondary vertical damping, kN·s/m | 9.8 |
Yaw damper node stiffness, MN/m | 8.82 |
Roll angle stiffness of the anti-roll bar, MNm/rad | 5.75 |
Gear transmission ratio | 2.429 |
Parameter | Driving Gear | Driven Gear |
---|---|---|
Number of teeth | 35 | 85 |
Modification coefficient | 0.225 | 0.024 |
Pressure angle, ° | 20 | 20 |
Module | 6 | 6 |
Center distance, mm | 380 | 380 |
Helix angle, ° | 18 | 18 |
Tooth width, mm | 65 | 65 |
Parameter | Values | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Working conditions | 1rd | 2nd | 3rd | 4th |
Order of wheel polygon | no | no | 1–5 | 1–5 |
Amplitude of wheel polygon, mm | no | no | 0.05–0.15 | 0.05–0.15 |
Track irregularity | no | with | no | with |
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Wang, M.; Yang, Q.; Liu, X.; Zan, Z.; Wen, B.; Zhai, J. Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Bogie Gearbox Bearings Under Typical Wheel-Rail Excitation. Lubricants 2025, 13, 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13040144
Wang M, Yang Q, Liu X, Zan Z, Wen B, Zhai J. Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Bogie Gearbox Bearings Under Typical Wheel-Rail Excitation. Lubricants. 2025; 13(4):144. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13040144
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Meiling, Qi Yang, Xinyu Liu, Zhihao Zan, Baogang Wen, and Jingyu Zhai. 2025. "Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Bogie Gearbox Bearings Under Typical Wheel-Rail Excitation" Lubricants 13, no. 4: 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13040144
APA StyleWang, M., Yang, Q., Liu, X., Zan, Z., Wen, B., & Zhai, J. (2025). Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Bogie Gearbox Bearings Under Typical Wheel-Rail Excitation. Lubricants, 13(4), 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13040144