Primary Care Clinician Preferences and Perspectives on Multi-Cancer Detection Testing Across an Integrated Healthcare System
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Survey Development and Deployment
2.2. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Perceptions Towards MCD Testing
3.2. Concerns About MCD Tests in Healthcare
3.3. Preferences in Learning About MCD
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
MCD | Multicancer detection testing |
PCC | Primary care clinician |
APP | Advanced Practice Provider |
NP | Nurse Practitioner |
PA | Physician Assistant |
HCS | Healthcare system |
TMC | Tertiary academic medical center |
FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
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Overall | |
---|---|
Location | |
TMC | 107 (59.2) |
HCS | 74 (40.8) |
Role | |
MD/DO | 107 (59.1) |
APP | 71 (39.2) |
Other 1 | 2 (1.1) |
Departments | |
Internal Medicine | 61 (33.7) |
Family Medicine | 112 (61.9) |
Other 2 | 8 (4.4) |
Years in Practice | |
<10 years | 67 (37) |
≥10 years | 114 (63) |
N (% Agree) | |
---|---|
Knowledge/Awareness | |
I am familiar with the basic concepts of MCD in healthcare. | 69 (39.0) |
I understand how MCD testing works. | 62 (35.0) |
Attitudes | |
MCD tests will take on a significant role in healthcare. | 122 (67.8) |
I am interested in using MCD tests in my practice. | 120 (66.3) |
I am concerned about having the time to explain the test to my patients. | 141 (77.9) |
I am worried about managing my patients with a positive blood test result. | 146 (80.7) |
Self-Efficacy | |
I feel confident in my ability to offer/provide direct care for my patients based on MCD results. | 41 (22.9) |
I feel confident in my ability to interpret and communicate MCD results to the patient. | 30 (16.9) |
I am comfortable understanding the limitations of MCD tests. | 73 (41.2) |
TMC (N = 107) | HCS (N = 74) | p Value | APP (N = 71) | MD/DO (N = 107) | p Value | <10 Years (N = 67) | ≥10 Years (N = 114) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Knowledge/Awareness | |||||||||
I am familiar with the basic concepts of MCD in healthcare. | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.04 | ||||||
Agree | 51 (48.6%) | 18 (25.0%) | 14 (20.0%) | 53 (51.0%) | 19 (29.2%) | 50 (44.6%) | |||
Neutral/Disagree | 54 (51.4%) | 54 (75.0%) | 56 (80.0%) | 51 (49.0%) | 46 (70.8%) | 62 (55.4%) | |||
I understand how MCD testing works. | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||
Agree | 46 (43.8%) | 16 (22.2%) | 11 (15.7%) | 49 (47.1%) | 15 (23.1%) | 47 (42.0%) | |||
Neutral/Disagree | 59 (56.2%) | 56 (77.8%) | 59 (84.3%) | 55 (52.9%) | 50 (76.9%) | 65 (58.0%) | |||
Attitudes | |||||||||
MCD tests will take on a significant role in healthcare. | 0.31 | 0.52 | 0.26 | ||||||
Agree | 75 (70.8%) | 47 (63.5%) | 47 (66.2%) | 75 (70.8%) | 42 (62.7%) | 80 (70.8%) | |||
Neutral/Disagree | 31 (29.2%) | 27 (36.5%) | 24 (33.8%) | 31 (29.2%) | 25 (37.3%) | 33 (29.2%) | |||
I am interested in using MCD tests in my practice. | 0.19 | 0.98 | 0.61 | ||||||
Agree | 75 (70.1%) | 45 (60.8%) | 47 (66.2%) | 71 (66.4%) | 46 (68.7%) | 74 (64.9%) | |||
Neutral/Disagree | 32 (29.9%) | 29 (39.2%) | 24 (33.8%) | 36 (33.6%) | 21 (31.3%) | 40 (35.1%) | |||
I am concerned about having the time to explain the test to my patients. | 0.90 | 0.56 | 0.94 | ||||||
Agree | 83 (77.6%) | 58 (78.4%) | 57 (80.3%) | 82 (76.6%) | 52 (77.6%) | 89 (78.1%) | |||
Neutral/Disagree | 24 (22.4%) | 16 (21.6%) | 14 (19.7%) | 25 (23.4%) | 15 (22.4%) | 25 (21.9%) | |||
I am worried about managing my patients with a positive blood test result. | 0.30 | 0.83 | 0.45 | ||||||
Agree | 89 (83.2%) | 57 (77.0%) | 58 (81.7%) | 86 (80.4%) | 56 (83.6%) | 90 (78.9%) | |||
Neutral/Disagree | 18 (16.8%) | 17 (23.0%) | 13 (18.3%) | 21 (19.6%) | 11 (16.4%) | 24 (21.1%) | |||
Self-Efficacy | 56 (80.0%) | 51 (49.0%) | |||||||
I feel confident in my ability to offer/provide direct care for my patients based on MCD results. | 0.53 | 0.12 | 0.97 | ||||||
Agree | 26 (24.5%) | 15 (20.5%) | 12 (17.1%) | 29 (27.4%) | 15 (22.7%) | 26 (23.0%) | |||
Neutral/Disagree | 80 (75.5%) | 58 (79.5%) | 58 (82.9%) | 77 (72.6%) | 51 (77.3%) | 87 (77.0%) | |||
I feel confident in my ability to interpret and communicate MCD results to the patient. | 0.09 | <0.01 | 0.67 | ||||||
Agree | 22 (21.0%) | 8 (11.1%) | 5 (7.1%) | 25 (24.0%) | 10 (15.4%) | 20 (17.9%) | |||
Neutral/Disagree | 83 (79.0%) | 64 (88.9%) | 65 (92.9%) | 79 (76.0%) | 55 (84.6%) | 92 (82.1%) | |||
I am comfortable understanding the limitations of MCD tests. | 0.21 | <0.01 | 0.77 | ||||||
Agree | 29 (27.6%) | 14 (19.4%) | 10 (14.3%) | 33 (31.7%) | 15 (23.1%) | 28 (25.0%) | |||
Neutral/Disagree | 76 (72.4%) | 58 (80.6%) | 60 (85.7%) | 71 (68.3%) | 50 (76.9%) | 84 (75.0%) |
Overall | TMC (N = 107) | HCS (N = 74) | p Value | APP (N = 71) | MD/DO (N = 107) | p Value | <10 Years (N = 67) | ≥10 Years (N = 114) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Online courses and tutorials | 0.87 | 0.66 | 0.20 | |||||||
Prefer a great deal/a lot | 111 (64.5%) | 66 (63.5%) | 45 (66.2%) | 47 (69.1%) | 63 (62.4%) | 46 (70.8%) | 65 (60.7%) | |||
Prefer a moderate amount | 39 (22.7%) | 25 (24.0%) | 14 (20.6%) | 13 (19.1%) | 24 (23.8%) | 10 (15.4%) | 29 (27.1%) | |||
Prefer slightly/Do not prefer | 22 (12.8%) | 13 (12.5%) | 9 (13.2%) | 8 (11.8%) | 14 (13.9%) | 9 (13.8%) | 13 (12.1%) | |||
Classroom lectures and seminars | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.81 | |||||||
Prefer a great deal/a lot | 90 (52.3%) | 55 (53.4%) | 35 (50.7%) | 36 (52.9%) | 53 (52.5%) | 35 (53.8%) | 55 (51.4%) | |||
Prefer a moderate amount | 43 (25.0%) | 28 (27.2%) | 15 (21.7%) | 20 (29.4%) | 22 (21.8%) | 17 (26.2%) | 26 (24.3%) | |||
Prefer slightly/Do not prefer | 39 (22.7%) | 20 (19.4%) | 19 (27.5%) | 12 (17.6%) | 26 (25.7%) | 13 (20.0%) | 26 (24.3%) | |||
Mentored research projects | 0.02 | 0.89 | 0.23 | |||||||
Prefer a great deal/a lot | 23 (14.1%) | 19 (19.4%) | 4 (6.2%) | 10 (15.6%) | 13 (13.4%) | 10 (16.1%) | 13 (12.9%) | |||
Prefer a moderate amount | 23 (14.1%) | 16 (16.3%) | 7 (10.8%) | 8 (12.5%) | 14 (14.4%) | 12 (19.4%) | 11 (10.9%) | |||
Prefer slightly/Do not prefer | 117 (71.8%) | 63 (64.3%) | 54 (83.1%) | 46 (71.9%) | 70 (72.2%) | 40 (64.5%) | 77 (76.2%) | |||
Guest lectures from industry experts | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.04 | |||||||
Prefer a great deal/a lot | 49 (29.2%) | 36 (35.3%) | 13 (19.7%) | 25 (37.9%) | 24 (24.0%) | 22 (34.9%) | 27 (25.7%) | |||
Prefer a moderate amount | 37 (22.0%) | 18 (17.6%) | 19 (28.8%) | 17 (25.8%) | 19 (19.0%) | 18 (28.6%) | 19 (18.1%) | |||
Prefer slightly/Do not prefer | 82 (48.8%) | 48 (47.1%) | 34 (51.5%) | 24 (36.4%) | 57 (57.0%) | 23 (36.5%) | 59 (56.2%) | |||
Shadowing MCD experts | 0.04 | <0.01 | <0.01 | |||||||
Prefer a great deal/a lot | 39 (23.4%) | 30 (29.4%) | 9 (13.8%) | 21 (32.3%) | 18 (18.2%) | 22 (34.4%) | 17 (16.5%) | |||
Prefer a moderate amount | 27 (16.2%) | 13 (12.7%) | 14 (21.5%) | 16 (24.6%) | 10 (10.1%) | 15 (23.4%) | 12 (11.7%) | |||
Prefer slightly/Do not prefer | 101 (60.5%) | 59 (57.8%) | 42 (64.6%) | 28 (43.1%) | 71 (71.7%) | 27 (42.2%) | 74 (71.8%) | |||
Self-directed exploration and experimentation with MCD testing | 0.06 | 0.18 | 0.69 | |||||||
Prefer a great deal/a lot | 33 (19.6%) | 26 (25.5%) | 7 (10.6%) | 8 (12.5%) | 24 (23.8%) | 11 (17.2%) | 22 (21.2%) | |||
Prefer a moderate amount | 32 (19.0%) | 19 (18.6%) | 13 (19.7%) | 12 (18.8%) | 19 (18.8%) | 14 (21.9%) | 18 (17.3%) | |||
Prefer slightly/Do not prefer | 103 (61.3%) | 57 (55.9%) | 46 (69.7%) | 44 (68.8%) | 58 (57.4%) | 39 (60.9%) | 64 (61.5%) |
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Austin, J.D.; Nelson, I.A.; Tilburt, J.C.; Ellinghysen, E.R.; Yee, C.; Quillen, J.; Dougan, B.M.; Presutti, J.R.; Hurt, R.T.; Samadder, N.J.; et al. Primary Care Clinician Preferences and Perspectives on Multi-Cancer Detection Testing Across an Integrated Healthcare System. J. Pers. Med. 2025, 15, 452. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15100452
Austin JD, Nelson IA, Tilburt JC, Ellinghysen ER, Yee C, Quillen J, Dougan BM, Presutti JR, Hurt RT, Samadder NJ, et al. Primary Care Clinician Preferences and Perspectives on Multi-Cancer Detection Testing Across an Integrated Healthcare System. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2025; 15(10):452. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15100452
Chicago/Turabian StyleAustin, Jessica D., Ilyse A. Nelson, Jon C. Tilburt, Eric R. Ellinghysen, Claire Yee, Jaxon Quillen, Brian M. Dougan, John R. Presutti, Ryan T. Hurt, Niloy Jewel Samadder, and et al. 2025. "Primary Care Clinician Preferences and Perspectives on Multi-Cancer Detection Testing Across an Integrated Healthcare System" Journal of Personalized Medicine 15, no. 10: 452. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15100452
APA StyleAustin, J. D., Nelson, I. A., Tilburt, J. C., Ellinghysen, E. R., Yee, C., Quillen, J., Dougan, B. M., Presutti, J. R., Hurt, R. T., Samadder, N. J., Ghosh, K., & Ressler, S. W. (2025). Primary Care Clinician Preferences and Perspectives on Multi-Cancer Detection Testing Across an Integrated Healthcare System. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 15(10), 452. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15100452