Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Carriers of Single CFTR Pathogenic Variants
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Cohort Patients
3.2. Identified CFTR Pathogenic Variants
3.3. Demographics and Clinical Characteristics of CF Carriers
3.4. Mortality in Carriers of CF-Causing Variants
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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Whole Cohort (n = 874) | Female (n = 377, 43.13%) | Male (n = 496, 56.75%) | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, mean ± SD (year) | 59.9 ± 15.64 | 59.78 ± 14.89 | 59.99 ± 16.6 |
Cat. 1 (Death) | 75.73 ± 10.98 § | 77.4 ± 12.50 | 74.33 ± 9.53 |
Cat. 2 (Invasive mechanical ventilation) | 60.53 ± 12.19 § | 60 ± 13.86 | 60.71 ± 11.69 |
Cat. 3 (CPAP/BiPAP) | 63.62 ± 12.46 § | 66.91 ± 13.53 | 62.24 ± 11.79 ° |
Cat. 4 (Hospitalized with low flow oxygen) | 65.50 ± 14.4 § | 68.08 ± 14.75 | 63.77 ± 13.93 ° |
Cat. 5 (Hospitalized without oxygen) | 55.74 ± 15.89 § | 54.9 ± 16.85 | 56.5 ± 15.06 |
Cat. 6 (Not hospitalized) | 47.68 ± 12.01 | 48.38 ± 10.74 | 46.64 ± 13.66 |
COVID-19 Outcome Scale, No. (%) | |||
Cat. 1 (Death) | 55 (6.29) | 25 (45.45) | 30 (54.55) * |
Cat. 2 (Invasive mechanical ventilation) | 70 (8.01) | 18 (25.71) | 52 (74.29) ** |
Cat. 3 (CPAP/BiPAP) | 146 (16.7) | 43 (29.45) | 103 (70.55) ** |
Cat. 4 (Hospitalized with low flow oxygen) | 276 (31.58) | 111 (40.22) | 165 (59.64) ** |
Cat. 5 (Hospitalized without oxygen) | 122 (13.96) | 58 (47-54) | 64 (52.46) * |
Cat. 6 (Not hospitalized) | 205 (23.45) | 122 (59.51) | 83 (40.49) |
Chronic Conditions, No. (%) | |||
Hypertension | 243 (27.8) | 93 (38.27) | 150 (61.63) |
Diabetes | 105 (12.22) | 44 (41.9) | 61 (58.1) |
Asthma and COPD | 72 (8.64) | 33 (45.83) | 39 (54.17) |
CHF and CAD | 68 (8) | 21 (31.34) | 47 (69.11) ° |
Malignancy | 65 (7.24) | 35 (53.85) | 30 (46.15) |
Hypothyroidism | 42 (4.8) | 29 (69.05) °° | 13 (30.95) |
Obesity | 29 (3.35) | 13 (44.83) | 16 (55.17) |
Total Cohort | Age < 50 years (n = 225) | Age ≥ 50 years (n = 648) | |
---|---|---|---|
Total Carriers, No. | 40 | 16 | 24 |
Carriers by COVID-19 Outcome Scale, No. (%) | |||
Cat. 1 (Death; n = 55) | 4 (7.1) | 0 | 4 (7.1) |
Cat. 2 (Invasive mechanical ventilation; n = 70) | 6 (8.7) * | 3 (25) ** | 3 (5.3) |
Cat. 3 (CPAP/BiPAP; n = 146) | 8 (5.5) | 2 (10) | 6 (4.8) |
Cat. 4 (Hospitalized, with low flow oxygen; n = 275) | 7 (2.5) | 2 (5.9) | 5 (2.1) |
Cat. 5 (Hospitalized, without oxygen; n = 122) | 5 (4.1) | 2 (4.7) | 3 (3.8) |
Cat. 6 (Not hospitalized; n = 205) | 10 (4.9) | 7 (6) | 3 (3.4) |
Not Carriers (n = 833) | Carriers (n = 40) | |
---|---|---|
Age, mean ± SD | ||
All | 60.09 ± 15.51 | 55.85 ± 17.88 |
Female | 59.73 ± 16.66 | 61 ± 15.32 |
Male | 60.37 ± 14.57 | 53.08 ± 18.8 § |
Cat. 1 (Death) | 75.67 ± 11.13 | 76.5 ± 10.38 |
Cat. 2 (Invasive mechanical ventilation) | 61.42 ± 10.99 | 51.00 ± 20.21 * |
Cat. 3 (CPAP/BiPAP) | 63.64 ± 12.08 | 63.25 ± 19 |
Cat. 4 (Hospitalized with low flow oxygen) | 65.77 ± 14.28 | 57.28 ± 17.74 |
Cat. 5 (Hospitalized without supplemental oxygen) | 55.75 ± 16.13 ° | 55.40 ± 9.55 # |
Cat. 6 (Not hospitalized) | 47.88 ± 11.95 °° | 43.80 ± 13.19 ## |
Outcome | Level | RR | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
PaO2/FIO2 ratio | ≤250 | 1.54 * | 0.99–1.76 |
Invasive mechanical ventilation/CPAP/BiPAP | yes vs no | 1.50 | 0.97–2.07 |
C-reactive protein level (mg/dL) | ≥20 | 1.69 ** | 1.06–2.29 |
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Baldassarri, M.; Fava, F.; Fallerini, C.; Daga, S.; Benetti, E.; Zguro, K.; Amitrano, S.; Valentino, F.; Doddato, G.; Giliberti, A.; et al. Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Carriers of Single CFTR Pathogenic Variants. J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11, 558. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11060558
Baldassarri M, Fava F, Fallerini C, Daga S, Benetti E, Zguro K, Amitrano S, Valentino F, Doddato G, Giliberti A, et al. Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Carriers of Single CFTR Pathogenic Variants. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11(6):558. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11060558
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaldassarri, Margherita, Francesca Fava, Chiara Fallerini, Sergio Daga, Elisa Benetti, Kristina Zguro, Sara Amitrano, Floriana Valentino, Gabriella Doddato, Annarita Giliberti, and et al. 2021. "Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Carriers of Single CFTR Pathogenic Variants" Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 6: 558. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11060558